The use of molecular markers significantly supplements various classic methods for genetic analyses. Mostly protein (isoenzyme) molecular markers were used earlier, whereas DNA markers are increasingly applied at present. The most important method of current molecular biology is PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Most methods for the study and detection of DNA markers are derived from the standard PCR. The results of the detection of DNA polymorphism can be successfully used similarly to HMW glutenin subunits for the prediction of wheat breadmaking quality. It can also be used in triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) that was man-made as an allohexaploid hybrid derived from the cross of wheat (Triticum spp.) and rye (Secale cereale). In recent years, an increasing interest in triticale has been recorded among growers and breeders. The assortment of the triticale registered varieties comprises hexaploid forms (2n = 6x = 42, AABBRR) that carry wheat A and B genomes, and rye R genome. In contrast with wheat, the triticale grain is not acceptable for breadmaking purposes because triticale contains chromosomes R instead of chromosomes D. The presence of several genes on chromosomes R (particularly 1R and 6R) causes worse viscoelastic properties of dough, and thus a lower breadmaking quality of flour in comparison with wheat. An important positive effect on the breadmaking quality in wheat is assigned to the Glu D1 5+10 allele (on chromosome 1DL) that is considered as a marker conferring a good breadmaking quality. This allele is present in most of wheat varieties with elite (E) breadmaking quality. The absence of the Glu D1 5+10 allele and the presence of some secalin alleles on chromosomes 1R and 6R are the reasons why the common triticale varieties cannot be used for breadmaking purposes (W�� et al. 2002).Unsatisfactory quality parameters of triticale can be improved by transferring the Glu D1 5+10 allele into triticale using the translocation of chromosome 1R with 1D. Such a type of translocation has been developed at the University of California. Two types of translocations designated T1R.1D 5+10 -1 and T1R.1D 5+10 -2 have been described that differ from each other by the length of the segment Abstract: Prediction of flour breadmaking quality was verified using DNA markers in seven genotypes of winter wheat (T. aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) of different quality classes, four genotypes of triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack, 2n = 6x = 42, AABBRR), and selected progenies of triticale Presto with the T1R.1D 5+10 -2 translocation. DNA isolated from fresh leaves (the stage of the first true leaf) was used to detect the Glu D1 5+10 allele based on the SPLAT protocol according to D'O����� and A������� (1994). The presence of the Glu D1 5+10 allele was verified using a product of 450 bp size. It was detected in the wheat genotypes Athlet, Brea, Bruneta, Iris, Lívia, Mona, Sida, and in all analysed progenies derived from the Presto triticale sample with the T1R.1D 5+10 -2 translocation. Effects are discussed of other lo...
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