The paper deals with 20 benign tumours of the nipple and areola. The most common lesion was adenoma or florid papillomatosis (11 cases). On the basis of clinical and histological differences, the cases were divided into two groups. Group I.—Tumours showing an adenomatous pattern (5 cases) appropriately termed adenoma of the nipple. Chief clinical features were younger age, long duration and enlargement of the nipple as a predominant symptom. Histological characteristics were elongated tubules separated by a varying amount of fibrous stroma and squamous metaplasia in some of the cases. Group II.—Tumours showing a papillomatous pattern (6 cases) appropriately designated as florid papillomatosis. Clinically, the patients were older. Chief complaint was bleeding from the nipple of a few months' duration. Histologically, dilated lactiferous ducts were seen filled with papillary, cribriform and solid growth of cells. Other features such as apocrine metaplasia, foam cells and central necrosis were observed. The interpretation of this grouping is discussed. A case of adenoma of an accessory nipple is reported. Other benign tumours observed were five papillomas, one leiomyoma, one haemangioma, one fibroma and one lipoma. Images Figs. 17-18 Figs. 1-3 Figs. 14-16 Figs. 19-21 Figs. 4-6 Figs. 7-10 Figs. 11-13
Prognostic significance of blood vessel invasion in carcinoma of the female breast has been evaluated by study of 242 cases of radical mastectomy done at the Tata Memorial Hospital. The significance of axillary node involvement with the disease has been simultaneously evaluated. In the absence of blood vessel invasion and lymph node metastasis the 5 year survival rate was 98%. Compared with this, 5 year survival rate was reduced to 59% when the blood vessel invasion was present but no lymph node metastasis. Only 12% survived for 5 years when both blood vessels and lymph nodes were involved with the disease. The study indicated that blood vessel invasion in the primary breast carcinoma is more significant than lymph node metastasis.
SUMMARY A case of muco‐epidermoid carcinoma of the penis in a Hindu male aged 40 is reported because of its rarity. It is the first case seen at the Tata Memorial Hospital during the past 30 years.
INTRAORAL and pharyngeal carcinomas form 47 per cent of all malignant neoplasms in Indians seen at the Tata Memorial Hospital (Paymaster, 1957). Among the aetiological factors incriminated to explain the high incidence of oral cancer are chewing of tobacco, vitamin deficiency, bad oral hygiene, leukoplakia, pigmentation (melanoplakia) and the prevalence of submucous fibrosis (Paymaster, 1956;Padmavathy and Reddy, 1960; Shanta and Krishnamurthi, 1963). The evidence collected so far, both human and experimental, shows that chewing of tobacco is an essential causative factor in cancer of the oral cavity. (Friedell and Rosenthal, 1941; Sanghvi et al. 1955;Reddy et al., 1960; Shanta and Krishnamurthi, 1963).Tobacco chewing is a widespread habit in India and is practised in a variety of different ways. It is usually chewed in the form of a betel leaf preparation which is held against the buccal mucosa in the alveolar-gingival groove, sometimes for hours at a stretch. The betel quid varies in composition in different parts of the country. The essential components are the betel leaf with areca nut and slaked lime, catechu and often tobacco.The present study was undertaken to investigate the histological changes produced in the buccal mucosa of subjects practising these chewing habits. The duration of chewing was variable and enabled us to study the sequential changes in the epithelium and subepithelial connective tissue before the onset of carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODSThe material consisted of biopsies of buccal mucosa from 3 different groups of patients:Group I: Tobacco chewers without clinical evidence of oral carcinoma. Group II: Tobacco chewers with clinically evident oral carcinoma. Group III: Non-chewers with no oral lesions.The patients were asked a detailed history regarding the type of tobacco chewed, form in which it was chewed, duration of chewing, site at which the quid was held, total quantity chewed per day and hours of contact of the tobacco with the mucosa. In addition, oral hygiene and nutritional status were noted. Symptoms and signs in order of their appearance were recorded. Black and brown coloured tobacco were commonly chewed by the patients who came to the clinic. The botanical variety could not be identified from the samples.
Of 74 Sertoli cell tumours reported in the world literature, only 8 showed evidence of malignancy.We are reporting the features of 1 additional case of a malignant Sertoli cell tumour. Case ReportA Hindu male, aged 33 years, had a swelling of the right testis of 4 years' duration. Orchidectomy was done in a peripheral city hospital on 24th November 1969; the specimen was sent for histopathological examination to this laboratory. Eight months after the orchidectomy bilateral gynaecomastia appeared. About the same time the patient developed enlarged para-aortic and left supraclavicular lymph nodes. On 29th July 1970 a left supraclavicular lymph node was excised; this showed a metastatic deposit of cell tumour. The patient was then treated by radiotherapy. He was given a total dose of 2,150 rads from a cobalt-60 source to the para-aortic region and a total of 1 ,OOO rads by DXR (240 kV) to the left supraclavicular lymph nodes. The patient is still alive 24 years after the orchidectomy and 6f years from the onset of symptoms. The bilateral gynaecomastia has persisted.
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