We investigated whether the resistin (Res) and adiponectin (Adp) levels are associated with different clinical blood pressure (BP) phenotypes. Among 465 consecutive never-treated white subjects, we excluded those with diabetes mellitus; impaired glucose metabolism; history of any cardiovascular disease or other concurrent medical condition; secondary hypertension; ongoing vasoactive treatment. Three separate clinic BP measurements and ambulatory BP monitoring were implemented to divide 328 subjects (aged 48±6 years; 172 males) into hypertensives (n ¼ 105), masked hypertensives (n ¼ 41), white-coat hypertensives (n ¼ 52) and normotensives (n ¼ 130). Participants underwent echocardiography and oral glucose tolerance testing, whereas, from fasting venous blood samples metabolic profile, plasma Res and Adp levels were assessed. Hypertensives and masked hypertensives showed higher log(10)(Res) and lower log(10)(Adp) levels compared with normotensives, whereas white-coat hypertensives had similar levels of these adipokines compared with normotensives. Common correlates for both of the adipokines were 24-h systolic BP, standing/sitting difference of both diastolic BP and heart rate, and waist circumference. Hypertensive and masked hypertensive compared with normotensive phenotype were independently associated with log(10)(Res) with odds ratios of 1.24 (1.08-1.44), and 1.16 (1.09-1.34) and log(10)(Adp) with 0.74 (0.65-0.87), and 0.81 (0.67-0.95), respectively. Increased Res and decreased Adp plasma levels are associated with out-of-clinic hypertension, whereas they did not determine whitecoat hypertension.

Associations between high serum uric acid (SUA) levels and high blood pressure (BP), as well as between SUA levels and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have already been reported. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the components of MetS with the SUA levels as also between SUA and apolipoproteins A1 and B (apoA1 and apoB) ratio in hypertensive patients. A total of 2577 consecutive hypertensive patients (1193 male and 1384 female) aged 57.5±13.3 years, were enrolled in our research. Samples were taken to measure SUA, glucose, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), components of the MetS and apoA1 and apoB. The study population was divided into two groups: group A: SUA levels above normal range (men ⩾7 mg dl(-1), women ⩾6 mg dl(-1)) and group B: SUA levels within normal range. In the overall study population, SUA levels showed a statistically significant correlation with waist circumference (WC; r=0.293, P<0.000), triglycerides (r=0.197, P<0.000), glucose (r=0.085, P<0.000), apoB/apoA1 (r=0.136, P<0.000) and HDL-C (r=-0.235, P<0,001). In newly diagnosed untreated hypertensive patients there was also a statistically significant correlation of SUA levels with WC (r=0.331, P<0.001), triglycerides (r=0.228, P<0.001) apoB/apoA1 ratio (r=0.202, P<0.001) and HDL-C (r=-0.278, P<0.001). In hyperurecemic hypertensives there was a statistically significant correlation between SUA levels with WC (r=0.168, P=0.007), apoB/apoA1 ratio (r=0.256, P=0.003) and HDL-C (r=-0.202, P<0.001). SUA levels correlate significantly with all the components of MetS, as well as with the risk factor apoB/apoA1 ratio, in hypertensive patients.

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