We are proposing an experiment to test the new idea of enhanced optical cooling (EOC) in an electron storage ring. This experiment will confirm new fundamental processes in beam physics and will demonstrate new unique possibilities with this cooling technique. It will open important applications of EOC in nuclear physics, elementary particle physics, and in light sources based on high brightness electron and ion beams.

The possibility of the enhanced optical cooling (EOC) of Lead ions in LHC is investigated. Nonexponential feature of cooling and requirements to the ring lattice, optical and laser systems are discussed. Comparison with optical stochastic cooling (OSC) is represented.

The possibility of the creation and the application prospects of the laser-electron X-ray generator based on Thomson scattering of laser radiation on a bunch of relativistic electrons are considered. Such a generator fills the existing gap between X-ray tubes and synchrotron radiation sources, which is several orders of magnitude in terms of the brightness, average intensity, size, and also in the construction and running costs.

This letter reports diode pumping for dye lasers. We offer a pulsed dye laser with an astigmatism-compensated three-mirror cavity and side pumping by blue laser diodes with 200 ns pulse duration. Eight dyes were tested. Four dyes provided a slope efficiency of more than 10% and the highest slope efficiency (18%) was obtained for laser dye Coumarin 540A in benzyl alcohol.

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Main practical applications of X-rays lie in the important for the society fields of medical imaging, custom, transport inspection and security. Scientific applications besides of fundamental research include material sciences, biomicroscopy, and protein crystallography. Two types of X-ray sources dominate now: conventional tubes and electron accelerators equipped with insertion devices. The first are relatively cheap, robust, and compact but have low brightness and poorly controlled photon spectrum. The second generate low divergent beams with orders of magnitude higher brightness and well-controlled and tunable spectrum, but are very expensive and large in scale. So accelerator based Xray sources are mainly still used for scientific applications and X-ray tubes -in commercial equipment. The latter motivated by the importance for the society made an impressive progress during last decades mostly due to the fast developments of radiation detectors, computers and software used for image acquisition and processing. At the same time many important problems cannot be solved without radical improvement of the parameters of the X -ray beam that in commercial devices is still provided by conventional X -ray tubes.Therefore there is a quest now for a compact and relatively cheap source to generate X-ray beam with parameters and controllability approaching synchrotron radiation. Rapid developments of lasers and particle accelerators resulted in implementation of laser plasma X-ray sources and free electron lasers for various experiments requiring high intensity, shrt duration and monochromatic X-ray radiation. Further progress towards practical application is expected from the combination of laser and particle accelerator in a single unit for effic ient X-ray generation. BASICS AND APPROACHThirty years development of laboratory X-ray lasers allowed to reach ~0.1 keV photon energy of coherent X-ray beams in a repetitive mode. Further scaling shows feasibility of ~0.3 keV coherent radiation in such type of devices. However their average power is still insufficient for many practical applications including medicine and inspection. Much higher power is expected to obtain in future free electron lasers. However according to existing projects their size and cost will prevent wide spreading of this kind of machines. In this project a compact repetitive dichromatic X-ray source (see Fig. 1a) based on novel laser and electron accelerator systems is proposed for medical applications. X-rays originate from Thomson scattering of counter propagating laser and electron beams. Such a "laser-accelerator" approach is very flexible in providing an X-ray beam with properties required by numerous medical applications.As a typical example, requiring a high power X -ray beam, coronary angiography is considered here, which is the leading method of imaging of coronary arteries. More than one million coronary angiography diagnostic procedures per year are applied in the US to evaluate the patient's conditions and choose the best heart treatment s...

We describe a compact dual-wavelength (1.047 and 1.053 µm) diode end-pumped Q-switched Nd:YLE laser source which has a number of applications in demand. In order to achieve its dual-wavelength operation it is suggested for the first time to use essentially nonmonotonous dependences of the threshold pump powers at these wavelengths on the cavity length in the region of the cavity semiconfocal configuration under a radius of the pump beam smaller than the radius of the zero Gaussian mode. Here we demonstrate one of the most interesting applications for this laser: difference frequency generation in a GaSe crystal at a frequency of 1.64 THz. A superconducting hot-electron bolometer is used to detect the THz power generated and to measure its pulse characteristics.

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