During the colonial period, Lampung had become the leading pepper supplier for the Sultanate of Banten, which made Banten develop into a prosperous area with the primary income of pepper. At the end of the 12 th century, Zhao Rugua, a writer from China, already mentioned Sinto or Sunda, which is none other than Banten, as a pepper-producing area. Before becoming the Banten's Sultanate, the Banten government's center was in an inland area called Banten Girang, about 56 km from Old Banten. The Sultanate of Banten made pepper a diplomatic medium for defending its territory. It, of course, placed Lampung as an important area for the Sultanate of Banten because it was the leading supplier of Banten. Pepper commodity as a trading commodity has been widely studied. As a diplomatic medium, Pepper puts the bargaining position of the Sultanate of Banten into a strong position, which is still not widely studied. This historical research method includes the heuristic stage, criticism source, interpretation, and the last is historiography. Therefore, the target to be achieved through this research is the results of a historical study of Lampung pepper which was used as a diplomatic tool for the Sultanate of Banten and reflected for current policymakers in determining only commodities. This research focuses on studying how Lampung's position became very strategic for the Sultanate of Banten, the pepper production process so that Lampung could produce world-class quality pepper and the impact of pepper as a diplomatic tool in the 17th century.
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