and En vi ron men tal Pro tec tion, Uni ver sity Un ion-Nikola Tesla, Bel grade, Ser bia 2 In no va tion Cen tre, Fac ulty of Me chan i cal En gi neer ing, Uni ver sity of Bel grade, Bel grade, Ser bia 3 De part ment of Ra di a tion and En vi ron men tal Pro tec tion, Vin~a In sti tute of Nu clear Sci ences, Uni ver sity of Bel grade, Bel grade, Ser bia 4 Min ing In sti tute, L.t.d., Bel grade, Ser bia Sci en tific pa per
Urban environment could be considered as a complex biotechnical system. Multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and intradisciplinary analyses are required in order to achieve sustainable urban communities and healthier cities, especially in the era of climate changes. The main goal of this paper is to investigate, select, and review the theories and smart practices in negative effects of urban areas heat problems reduction and to define the objective function of the issue. The objective function could be treated as the force, with magnitude and direction of influence that operates in a certain space, which is considered to control certain factors and parameters, including time as a dimension. Spatial and temporal gradient of canyon effect are defined with nodes canyon effects interaction. The thermal islands are analyzed by its volume, sources of heat, thermal gradient, with the goal to select strategies to reduce the negative effects of heat islands. Positive smart practice in the world is discussed. The purpose of this study is to find, by literature review and by holistic methodological approach application, better practice and adequate solutions for building, energy, water, and carbon balance in urban environment. The results are expected in the movement towards the blue and green cities.
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