Introduction: Ameloblastomas are locally invasive, highly destructive benign tumors of odontogenic origin. There are various methods performed for evaluation of proliferative activity among which quantification of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region is a simple method. Aim of the present study is to compare number of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region in unicystic and multicystic variants of ameloblastoma in order to analyze their cell proliferation rates. Material and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on 10 cases each of unicystic and multicystic variants of ameloblastoma. To identify the nucleolar organizer regions, the sections were obtained and stained with silver staining technique. Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions were quantified by manual counting method using the image analyzer software, ProgRes CapturePro v2.8.8. Results: The Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region count showed a significant higher number of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in multicystic ameloblastoma (mean=4.236) than in unicystic ameloblastoma (mean=2.684). Conclusion: This study shows the expediency of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region staining in reflecting the high proliferation rate and a more aggressive behavior of multicystic ameloblastoma in comparison to unicystic ameloblastoma.
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