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Textile reinforced concrete (TRC) has gained attention from the construction industry due to several characteristics such as its lightweight, high tensile strength, design flexibility, corrosion resistance and remarkably long service life. Some structural applications that utilize TRC components include precast panels, structural repairs, waterproofing elements and façades. TRC is produced by incorporating textile fabrics into thin cementitious concrete panels. However, in order to use this strengthening method in construction practice, a design model is required. Investigating the combined effect of conventional steel and textile reinforcement on the ductility behavior of composite TRC/RC one-way slab is vitally important. Therefore, the current study describes the proper methods of calculating the ductility of the composite concrete reinforced by a direct combination of conventional steel and textile reinforcement. Four methods are presented to calculate the ductility of the three considered one-way slab specimens. The three slabs having dimensions 1500 mm × 500 mm × 50 mm were reinforced by steel bars (SRC), by steel with one layer of carbon fabric (SRC + 1T), and by steel with two layers of carbon fabric (SRC + 2T). The three slab specimens were cast by the hand lay-up method, removed from the molds, cured, and then tested in flexure after 28 days using the four-point bending method. The obtained results and calculations revealed the non-reasonability of using the conventional method based on yielding of steel reinforcement as the only criterion in the ductility determination. The results also confirmed the suitability of using the energy-based method over other discussed methods in the calculation of the ductility for the hybrid reinforced members.

Lightweight foamed concrete is a type of concrete characterized by light in self-weight, self-compaction, self-leveling, thermal isolation, and a high ratio of weight to strength. The advantages of GFRP bars include lightweight, high longitudinal tensile strength, non-conductivity, and resistance to corrosion. This study investigated the behavior of LWFC beams reinforced with GFRP bars under flexural loading. A total of four reinforced concrete beams were cast, where it consisted of two LWFC beams and two normal weight concrete beam which acted as control specimen. One of the lightweight foamed concrete beams and the normal concrete beams is reinforced with two GFRP bars and the other reinforced with two steel bars. All beams were designed with singly reinforced of two bars of diameter 12 mm. The LWFC beams were with cement to sand ratio (1:1) and average dried density of 1800± kg/m 3 . The main variables considered in this study was type of concrete and type of reinforcement. The flexural parameters investigated are ultimate load, crack width, ductility, deflection and stiffness. The lightweight foamed concrete beam reinforced with GFRP bars showed deflection and crack width greater than in beam reinforced with steel bars due to the low modulus of elasticity of GFRP bars.