Relationships between nominal composition, preparation conditions, phase composition, microstructure, and physical properties (fast ionic conductivity, dielectric response, microhardness, cracking process) are reported. It is shown that the properties depend not only on well defined parameters (nominal and phase compositions, growth rate, annealing etc.) but also on a spurious contamination of the melt which results in growth irregularities and a porosity of the composites.
The effect of diethanolamine (DEA) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) on the corrosion of carbon steel (CS) in concentrated aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate and urea (ANU) was studied by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Both amines showed high inhibition efficiency >99% above a concentration of 0.5 wt% at 25 and 50 8C. The addition of 0.1-0.5 wt% sebacic acid to the tested solution containing amines did not enhance the inhibition efficiency. A positive synergistic effect was observed when 0.1-0.5 wt% of cinnamic acid was added to the ANU solution containing 0.3-1 wt% of amines. These results clearly demonstrate the potential of using CS for storage and transport of ANU solutions under ambient conditions.
Cover: Corrosion resistance of 304, 316L, 310 SS and 680 nickel alloy was studied in concentrated ammonium nitrate‐urea (ANU) solution. This solution provides the basis for development of a new alternative mono‐fuel that can potentially reduce the harmful effects of fossil fuels combustion. The ANU solution is an aggressive medium, especially at high temperatures. Tests in ANU at 350 °C and 20 bar on SS 304, 316L and 680 nickel alloy showed that all are susceptible to uniform and pitting corrosion. An example of a pit in SS 304 is shown in the large cover picture. The pitting on SS 304 and 316 increased with addition of 5% sodium chloride to the ANU solution. Under these conditions corrosion attack was not found on 310 SS, as shown on the small insertion ‐ making it a good candidate for ANU reactors.More detailed information can be found in: I. Kap, M. Starostin, G. E. Shter, G. S. Grader; Corrosion of aluminium, stainless steels and AISI 680 nickel alloy in nitrogen‐based fuels; Materials and Corrosion 2012, 63, 571.
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