Luminescence spectra and SIMS measurements of Er-doped silicon are presented in this paper. Luminescence was found to be stronger in Czochralski-grown Si crystals, known to contain up to 1018 cm-3 of oxygen center. Direct role played by oxygen impurities in the optical activation of the 1.54 µm luminescence was demonstrated by implanting oxygen into Er implanted layers in silicon at concentrations comparable to those of Er. Possible mechanisms of enhancement of photoluminescence are discussed.
Anomalous elevations up to 6 μm of the ion-implanted GaSb surface were observed. This swelling phenomenon is related to the formation of a porous layer and is dependent on the mass, energy, and dose of the implanted ions. A strong amount of oxygen was measured in the porous layers but this oxygen is likely not responsible for the swelling. The behavior of implanted GaSb is very similar to that of InSb previously described.
A review of the main results concerning the ion implantation of the rare-earth elements is given.To obtain the best optical activation of rare-earths, we attempt to optimize the implantation (energy, dose) and annealing (temperature, duration) conditions. The studied materials are Si, II-VI binaries (ZnTe, CdS), III-V binaries (GaAs, InP), III-V ternaries (GaAlAs, GaInAs) and III-V quaternaries (GaInAsP).
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