and x6 ϭ x9 ϭ 0.25 mm. The feed line is designed as a T-type with a gap of 0.15 mm and a width 0.6 mm. The simulation and measurement results of S-parameters are shown in Figure 9, in which the resonant frequencies at located at 2.38 GHz, 3.92 GHz, and 5.95 GHz with relative bandwidths of 6%, 7.5%, and 5.3%, respectively. The corresponding insertion losses are lower in this structure, which are Ϫ2 dB, Ϫ2.47 dB, and Ϫ2.67 dB.The results exhibit that the external Q-factors can be adjusted by changing the shape and the location of the feed line. In the same design, the external Q-factor at the third resonant frequency is the largest because of the weakest coupling.ABSTRACT: A simple means using rectangular patch antennas to feed a 2D planar Luneburg lens is presented. The lens together with the patch launching system is modelled using commercial 3D electromagnetic software. The Ϫ23 dB return loss, better than Ϫ20 dB port to port isolation of the patches, as well as 15 dB antenna gain and 5.3°Ϫ3 dB H-plane (lens plane) beamwidth indicate excellent lens performance potential at 23.3 GHz.

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