Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) developed by Notomi et al. (2000) has made it possible to amplify DNA with high specificity, efficiency and rapidity under isothermal conditions. The ultimate products of LAMP are stem-loop structures with several inverted repeats of the target sequence and cauliflower-like patterns with multiple loops shaped by annealing between every other inverted repeats of the amplified target in the similar strand. Because the amplification process in LAMP is achieved by using four to six distinct primers, it is expected to amplify the target region with high selectivity. However, evaluation of reaction accuracy or quantitative inspection make it necessary to append other procedures to scrutinize the amplified products. Hitherto, various techniques such as turbidity assessment in the reaction vessel, post-reaction agarose gel electrophoresis, use of intercalating fluorescent dyes, real-time turbidimetry, addition of cationic polymers to the reaction mixture, polyacrylamide gel-based microchambers, lateral flow dipsticks, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and nanoparticle-based colorimetric tests have been utilized for this purpose. In this paper, we reviewed the best-known techniques for evaluation of LAMP amplicons and their applications in molecular biology beside their advantages and deficiencies. Regarding the properties of each technique, the development of innovative prompt, cost-effective and precise molecular detection methods for application in the broad field of cancer research may be feasible.
We found that in each group, the difference in the SUZ12 and CBX8 genes expression were significantly divergent between tumors and their marginal tissues. It means that the regulatory mechanisms involved in developing and controlling the process of gastric cancer pathogenesis is more complex than it thought. These results also bring new evidence on the possible double origin for gastric cancer development, bone-marrow-derived cells and tissue stem cells.
The p53 tumor-suppressor gene encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein with cancer- inhibiting properties. The most probable cancerous mutations occur as point mutations in exons 5 up to 8 of p53, as a base pair substitution that encompasses CUA and GAT sequences. As DNA drug design represents a direct genetic treatment of cancer, in the research reported computational drug design was carried out to explore, at the Hartree–Fock level, effects of solvents on the thermochemical properties and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shielding tensors of some atoms of CUA involved in the hydrogen-bonding network. The observed NMR shielding variations of the solutes caused by solvent change seemed significant and were attributed to solvent polarity, and solute–solvent and solvent–solute hydrogen-bonding interactions. The results provide a reliable insight into the nature of mutation processes. However, to improve our knowledge of the hydration pattern more rigorous computations of the hydrated complexes are needed.
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