Multiple ionization processes of fast heavy low-charged ions in collisions with neutral atoms are considered. Combining the energy deposition model and the statistical probabilities for m-electron ionization, a new computer DEPOSIT code was developed for the calculation of multiple ionization probabilities and cross sections of heavy low-charged ions colliding with neutral atoms. A comparison of the present calculations for ionization of heavy ions (Xe18+, U28+) by various atoms at energies E > 1 MeV u−1 with experimental data and the classical-trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) calculations shows that the suggested model can be applied with an accuracy of a factor of 2.

We present calculated spectral properties and lattice parameters for cerium pnictides (CeN, CeP, CeAs, CeSb, CeBi) and γ-Ce, within the LDA/GGA+DMFT (local density approximation/generalized gradient approximation + dynamical mean field theory) approach. The effective impurity model arising in the DMFT is solved by using the spin-polarized T-matrix fluctuationexchange (SPTF) solver for CeN compound, and the Hubbard I (HI) solver for CeP, CeAs, CeSb, and CeBi. For all the addressed compounds the calculated spectral properties are in reasonable agreement with measured photoelectron spectra at high binding energies. At low binding energies the HI approximation does not manage to capture the Kondo-like peak observed for several of the Ce-pnictides. Nevertheless, the calculated lattice constants are in a good agreement with available experimental data, showing that the such a peak does not play a major role on the bonding properties. Furthermore, the HI calculations are compared to a simpler treatment of the Ce 4f electron as core-like in LDA/GGA for CeP, CeAs, CeSb, and CeBi, and the two approaches are found to give similar results.

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Single-and multiple-electron loss processes in collisions of heavy many-electron ions (positive and negative) in collisions with neutral atoms at low and intermediate energies are considered using the energy-deposition model. The DEPOSIT computer code, created earlier to calculate electron-loss cross sections at high projectile energies, is extended for low and intermediate energies. A description of a new version of DEPOSIT code is given, and the limits of validity for collision velocity in the model are discussed.. Calculated electron-loss cross sections for heavy ions and atoms (N + , Ar + , Xe + , U + , U 28+ , W, W + , Ge-, Au-), colliding with neutral atoms (He, Ne, Ar, W) are compared with available experimental and theoretical data at energies E > 10 keV/u. It is found that in most cases the agreement between experimental data and the present model is within a factor of 2. Combining results obtained by the DEPOSIT code at low and intermediate energies with those by the LOSS-R code at high energies (relativistic Born approximation), recommended electron-loss cross sections in a wide range of collision energy are presented.

General features of the total electron-loss (projectile ionization) cross sections, σtot, for fast many-electron ions colliding with neutral atoms are investigated. Two independent scaling laws for σtot are obtained: one follows from the experimental data and another one from the classical calculations based on the n-particle classical trajectory Monte Carlo (nCTMC) and semi-classical treatments. The semi-classical method has recently been developed based upon the energy deposition model and the statistical ionization probabilities. Both scaling relations are expressed in terms of the projectile velocity v, its first ionization potential I1 and the nuclear charge ZA of the target atom. The accuracy of the scaling relations suggested is a factor of 2–3. At the high-velocity region (v2 ≫ I1), experimental data are found to decrease approximately as σtot ∼ v−2, i.e., close to the Born ionization cross section. At low energies, the σtot values are better described by the classical approximation which accounts for multi-electron-loss processes. These scaling laws obtained are compared with a known scaling law for the Ar target and are used for the prediction of the total electron-loss cross sections in a wide range of the collision parameters. The predicted cross sections σtot can be approximately evaluated as a minimum cross section obtained from two scaling formulae.