Fundoplication, using an abdominal approach, is advocated to create an adequate substitute for the insufficient sphincter in gastroesophageal reflux associated with hiatus hernia. To achieve success, correct indications for surgical treatment are important. Based on experience with approximately 1,400 patients over the past 20 years, these include: (a) a retrosternal burning sensation (in 90% of our cases); (b) objective confirmation of reflux by means of x-ray and endoscopic examination, together with biopsy examination of the esophageal mucosa and gastric acid evaluation; and (c) evidence of organic complications such as endobrachyesophagus with ulcerostenotic changes at the junction between the esophageal and gastric mucosa. Long-term follow-up of 590 patients with simple reflux esophagitis who underwent fundoplication showed that 87.5% were symptom free. In 44 patients with complicated gastroesophageal reflux disease, fundoplication produced clinical healing in 84.1%.

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