OBJECTIVE: Following bone fractures during accidents, some patients suffer from poor repair of bone fractures and subsequent aesthetic and psychological problems. One of the treatments is based on transplantation of stem cells (seeded on scaffolds) to the lesion site. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are multivalent stem cells which are able to reproduce and differentiate into osteogenic cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate the treatment of bone fractures by means of transplantation of the latter cells in rats. METHODS: In this study, the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow adipocytes was evaluated in bone fractures. BMSCs were isolated from rat femur. Two sources of differentiated and non-differentiated osteocyte cells were provided and mixed with collagen in order to be transferred to animals divided in three main groups of model: nicotine, non-nicotine and control groups. After four weeks, the repair of the fracture that had been infl icted by a 2-mm drill into the diaphyseal region of the femoral bone was investigated by radiographic tests and histopathologic staining. RESULTS: The radiographic results as well as those of histopathologic staining showed that osteogenesis was more intensive in the non-nicotine group than in the nicotine group with differentiated and non-differentiated osteocyte cells. CONCLUSION: The transplantation of differentiated BMSCs to a bone lesion affected the repair of bone fractures while the nicotine agent played an important role in delaying the bone regeneration (Tab. 1, Fig. 8, Ref. 31).
Background: The major function of the bone in the skeletal system is to provide structural support to the body and its vital organs. Many patients suffer from the disability to restore bone lesions following bone fractures during crashes or accidents. The use of mesenchymal stem cells such as adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs), along with collagen scaffolds, and its transfer to the lesion site can be valued as one of the available treatment options. Objectives: In the current paper, a study was conducted on the level of mesenchymal stem cell repair from the rat adipocytes, where it was evaluated in bone defects. Methods: In this study, mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the rat adipocytes and their stem cell lines were determined with the standard cell tests. The isolated cells were differentiated in the next step and transferred to the two main groups: nicotine modeled and non-modeled (non-nicotine) along with collagens. The repair of the defect caused by a 2 mm drill in the diaphyseal region of the rat bone was evaluated after four weeks using radiographic examination and histopathologic staining. Results: Radiographic data analysis indicated that bone density was much higher in the non-nicotine group than in the nicotine group. Histopathologic staining showed that bone formation was higher in the non-nicotine group than in the nicotine group. The new bone formation was about 80% and 60% in the non-nicotine and nicotine groups with differentiated osteocytes of ADMSCs, respectively. Conclusions: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is effective in bone defect repair and nicotine plays an important role in the bone repair process as an inhibitory agent.
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