The measurement of internal residual strain on the elastic, yield and plastic pre-strained of SS400 during welding had been performed using neutron diffraction technique. SS400 steel has been welded using gas metal arc welding (GMAW) in pre-strained condition of 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5%. This paper will present strength of welded joint increases with increasing pre-strain, and also theinformation regarding the residual strain profiles along of steel plate welded, obtained by determining the strain-free lattice spacing.
Welding process is generally used in manufacturing industry. It usually produces distortions in the weld metal. To reduce distortion, one of the methods used is the pre-strain. This study aims to determine the effect of pre-strain during welding process on the residual strain of dissmilar metal weld between stainless steel and carbon steel. Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process is performed to make butt joint of SUS 304 stainless steel and SS 400 carbon steel with a length of 300 mm, width of 150 mm and thickness of 5 mm. Welding current, welding voltage and welding speed are 240 A, 24 V, 390 mm/min respectively. During welding, stainless steel sheet is pre-strained in elastic, yield, and plastic levels. Strain measurements are performed using the neutron diffractometer which is conducted in Batan, Serpong, Indonesia. Pre-strain lead to increase the strain on the longitudinal direction of weld line. However, further away from the weld area, the strain decreases compared to the unpre-strained specimens.
An investigation on the fracture phenomena of (cti-) brass, oolycrystalline .alloys, has been conducted using the scanning electron microscope(S.E.M.).. The as-rolled alloys (starting material) were subjected to different conditions of annealing. Then, tensile tests were carried out at room temperature on three categories of specimens being; (i) as-rolled, (ii) annealed at 923K for 86.4ks, and (iii) annealed at 873K for 2 Ms plus 1.4 Ms at BOOK. All types of specimens showed ductile fracture. Fracture surfaces were then observed by the S.E.M. on both the macro-and microscopic scales. All specimens exhibited a transgranular mode of fracture. Fracture surfaces revealed some changes in the pattern observed on each phase due to annealing conditions. Dimple pattern was observed on the (3phase, although different dimple size existed for different types of .specimens. On the other hand, on the a-phase, fracture surface, smooth 'ripple pattern was observed, additionally, large dimples were detected on the a-surface. In essence, the present results not only confirmed previous results on single-and bi-crystals of brass but also throw the :light on more details about the fracture phenomena of brass which was not reported before.
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