The aim of this work was to study the biochemical constituents of seven species of cyanobacteria namely,
A B S T R A C TThe seasonal variation of the hydrographic variables and phytoplankton species in the Arabian Sea waters of the Kerala coast, Southern India was investigated during different seasons. The variables such as pH, temperature, salinity, turbidity and chlorophyll-a contents of water were found to be high during pre-monsoon season and the dissolved oxygen content was minimal. The concentration of nutrients viz., nitrate, phosphate, silicate varied independently. In the study a total of 53 species of phytoplankton were recorded. Their density was higher during the post-monsoon season than during other seasons and the diatoms were found to be the dominant species. The major phytoplankton in terms of frequency and abundance were the species namely, Biddulphia mobiliensis, Chaetoceros curvisetus, Licmophora abbreviata, Skeletonema costatum, Prorocentrum micans and Oscillatoria sp. They showed significant positive correlation with pH, temperature, salinity, nitrate, phosphate and chlorophyll-a contents, whereas turbidity, dissolved oxygen and silicate exhibited significant negative correlation. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) developed two principal components with 84.74% of total variability in the water quality which separated pre-and post-monsoon periods from the monsoon season on axis I, and pre-monsoon and monsoon periods from post-monsoon on axis II. R E S U M OFoi investigada a variação sazonal das variáveis hidrográficas e das espécies de fitoplâncton nas águas do Mar Arábico da costa de Kerala, sul da India, em diferentes estações do ano. Variáveis como pH, temperatura, salinidade, turbidez e conteúdo de clorofila-a das águas mostraram-se altas durante a estação pré-monção enquanto o conteúdo de oxigênio dissolvido foi mínimo. A concentração de nutrientes, tais como nitrato, fosfato e silicato, variaram independentemente da época. Foi encontrado um total de 53 espécies, com picos de densidade durante a estação pós-monção, sendo a dominância exercida pelas diatomáceas. Em termos de frequência e abundância, as espécies mais importantes foram Biddulphia mobiliensis, Chaetoceros curvisetus, Licmophora abbreviata, Skeletonema costatum, Prorocentrum micans and Oscillatoria sp. Estas apresentaram correlação significativa positiva com pH, temperatura, salinidade, nitrato, fosfato e conteúdo de clorofila-a, enquanto que com turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido e silicato exibiram correlação negativa. A Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) mostrou que os dois primeiros eixos contêm 84,74% da variação na qualidade das águas. O eixo I separou os períodos de pré-e pós-monção do período de monção, enquanto o eixo II separou os períodos de pré-monção e monção do período de pós-monção.
No abstract
Studies on the occurrence of aquatic hyphomycetes were carried out in Panekal sulfur spring in the Western Ghats, India by incubation of leaf litter and analysis of natural foam and of induced foam. Sampling was done once every three months over a period of two years from September 1989 to June 1991. The temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and sulfide content of water were also measured. No fungi were observed within the spring, whereas 16 species belonging to 13 genera were isolated from two outflow sites of the stream. The percent frequency of Triscelophorus monosporus was high (24.0%). The temperature of water in the spring ranged between 30.0 and 38.5°C and the sulfide content between 3.2 and 4.3 mg 1-1. Studies showed that sulfide water (4.0 mg 1-1) from the spring inhibited the growth of the colonies of Dactylella aquatica, Phalangispora constricta, Tetracladium setigerum, Vermispora cauveriana, and Wiesneriomyces laurinus. When the leaves colonized by aquatic hyphomycetes were incubated at different temperatures in sulfur-spring water and stream water separately, sporulation was not observed in any of the fungi at and above 35°C except Phalangispora constricta, which could sporulate at 35°C. At lower temperatures (15-30°C) relatively fewer species were found to sporulate in sulfur-spring water than in stream water.
No abstract
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