This Paper describes the observational method developed for the economic study of the treatment of gold mine workings and their relationship to the proposed structures above them. The philosophy behind the contract documentation required by this method is discussed and case histories illustrate its successful use. L'article décrit la méthode d'observation qui a été mise en oeuvre lors de l'analyse économique des travaux d'exploitation d'une mine d'or et de leurs relations avec les structures de surface proposées. La philosophie du contract nécessaire à cette méthode est analysée et illustrée par quelques cas.
GPotechnique, 1975, 25 (3) 555-580. Mr M. F. KennardThe most interesting features of the scheme arose because of the geology of the site. All sites have unique geological features, but the close proximity of the Whin Sill, the buried channel, the exposed clay slope and waterfall at the dam site, the limestone and shale alternating strata in the reservoir basin and the extensive mine workings make this site especially unique. The special geological aspects led to it being the first site in Britain where, I believe, an engineering geologist was employed full-time as a member of the Resident Engineer's staff.103. An earthfill embankment across the valley, a combination of earthfill with rockfill, concrete gravity or concrete buttress section would all have been feasible choices of dam. The final choice of a gravity section on the rock foundation and earthfill on the clay foundation led to the simplest form of construction for this remote and high site. That construction was completed within the contract period of 3 years and impounding commenced as programmed shows that the original programme, phasing in the diversion with the concrete and earthfill construction, was well conceived.104. The embankment section was an example of the 'design as you go' principle. However much site investigation is carried out beforehand, it cannot compare with the information that becomes available during construction when in addition to drilling, open excavation, field testing and site laboratory testing can be carried out, supervised by a full site staff. The construction phases allowed for this fuller investigation to be undertaken before the river was diverted through the concrete dam and before any earth moving could take place. This enabled the detailed design of the embankment and foundation to be developed and checked as the work proceeded. The investigation of gravel deposits at the same time enabled gravel to be placed instead of boulder clay in the shoulders. The close control in raising the bank to the full height and control of impounding because of the slow rate of consolidation of the foundation and the deformations was a continuation of the design principle to the end of construction. In an embankment of this type, including the foundation, it is not possible, or even desirable, to have everything cut and dried beforehand. If it is, it would be a much more overdesigned and expensive structure.105. The promotion of this scheme involved prolonged hearings before select committees of both Houses of Parliament, as well as debates and divisions. The private bill procedure, instead of proceeding with a water order and a subsequent bill because of common land, led to a successful outcome, but involved a much more searching technical inquiry than usual in such proceedings. This in depth investigation is I think a good
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