The paper presents an overview of thematic services providing Earth observation based products for forest monitoring. The authors analyzed both global and regional (in particular - Russian) forest services including input satellite data, output thematic products and features of data access. Based on gathered information, the main advantages and limitations of existing services were highlighted. The results of performed research confirm the need to develop the system integrating data from various forest remote monitoring services for the efficient and timely analysis of forests (especially - in cross border regions).
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The research is aimed at the development and testing of the system for operational river flood forecasting. The system is based on the use of a complex of hydrological and hydrodynamic models, as well as in situ and satellite data integrated processing, and implemented on the basis of a service-oriented architecture. A distinctive feature of the system is the complete automation of the entire simulation cycle - from loading initial data to interpreting results, visualizing and alerting interested parties. The theoretical basis for ensuring the coordinated functioning of all system components is the qualimetry of models and polymodel complexes. The practical implementation is carried out using open codes, free software and GIS platform «RegionView».</p> <p>All the complexity associated with the use of heterogeneous geographically distributed information resources is hidden from the user. This allows the system to be used not only by specialists in GIS, IT or relevant subject area, but also by other users interested in the results of flood monitoring and forecasting - emergency services, local authorities, commercial organizations and citizens.</p> <p>The described technologies and the system of operational flood forecasting were tested in the Russian Federation on the Northern Dvina River, from the city of Velikiy Ustyug to the city of Kotlas in 2014-2019.</p> <p>Given test results prove that the application of such an approach ensures full implementation of the required functionality of operational flood forecasting systems, the fulfilment of the basic requirements for such systems and also indicate the possibility of a widespread use of such systems authorities and emergency services.</p>
The paper presents the processing and analysis of
The paper discusses the opportunities of remote sensing data application as one of the main sources of information for monitoring river floods. Effective operation of flood forecasting systems requires reliable real-time data on inundation areas for timely calibration and verification of the used hydrodynamic models. The opportunity to obtain data from optical sensors might be limited because of dense cloud cover. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) techniques are increasingly used today due to ability to operate independently of the surface illumination and the state of cloud cover receiving high spatial resolution data in near real-time mode. An important feature of SAR from space today is the increase in the number of freely distributed space data, in particular — images from Sentinel satellites developed by the European Space Agency. For instance, for the territory of Russia Sentinel-1 performs SAR imaging with 2–3 days coverage frequency. Within the framework of the project carried out by the authors, the research area is the city of Velikiy Ustuyg (Russia) located at the confluence of rivers Suhona and Ug. To identify flooded areas the RADARSAT-2 and Sentinel-1 images classification based on thresholding was carried out in open-source software. The visualization of the results was performed on the basis of information analytical system “Prostor”. The results of SAR data processing were compared with contours obtained on the basis of the calculation of the NDWI index from optical data from the Sentinel-2 and Resurs-P satellites. According to the spatial resolution of the data and the selected processing technology, it is possible to achieve high accuracy of flood mapping in open areas with low urbanization. The result confirms that SAR data can be successfully applied for operational flood forecasting.
Abstract. Design, planning and management of opencast and underground mining require safety control of mining operations. Geodynamic monitoring of mining areas is necessary for operational forecasting and prevention of dangerous deformation processes. The identification of geodynamic active zones and forecasting of geodynamic risks are based on systematic observations of the surface and mining facilities. A promising method of obtaining timely spatial information to solve the problems mentioned is the satellite radar imagery. The integration of radar products and intelligent information systems improves the efficiency and accuracy of data analysis. The paper presents the methods of radar image processing in order to conduct comprehensive monitoring of the Earth's surface and infrastructure in mining enterprises. For efficient use of thematic processing products the results were placed on the web server in the information-analytical system "RegionView" providing distributed access to spatial data through the web interface and standard protocols.
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