Background: Older adults with type 1 diabetes (≥65 years) are often under-represented in clinical trials of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems. We sought to test the efficacy of a recently FDA-approved AID system in this population. Methods: Participants with type 1 diabetes used sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy for four weeks and then used an AID system (Control-IQ) for four weeks. In addition to glucose control variables, patient-reported outcomes (PRO) were assessed with questionnaires and sleep parameters were assessed by actigraphy. Results: Fifteen older adults (mean age 68.7 ± 3.3, HbA1c of 7.0 ± 0.8) completed the pilot trial. Glycemic outcomes improved during AID compared to SAP. During AID use, mean glucose was 146.0 mg/dL; mean percent time in range (TIR, 70-180 mg/dL) was 79.6%; median time below 70 mg/dL was 1.1%. The AID system was in use 92.6% ± 7.0% of the time. Compared to SAP, while participants were on AID the TIR increased significantly (+10%, P = .002) accompanied by a reduction in both time above 180 mg/dL (−6.9%, P = .005) and below 70 mg/dl (−0.4%, P = .053). Diabetes-related distress decreased significantly while using AID ( P = .028), but sleep parameters remained unchanged. Conclusions: Use of this AID system in older adults improved glycemic control with high scores in ease of use, trust, and usability. Participants reported an improvement in diabetes distress with AID use. There were no significant changes in sleep.

Background Data on the use of Control‐IQ, the latest FDA‐approved automated insulin delivery (AID) system for people with T1D 6 years of age or older is still scarce, particularly regarding nonglycemic outcomes. Children with T1D and their parents are at higher risk for sleep disturbances. This study assesses sleep, psycho‐behavioral and glycemic outcomes of AID compared to sensor‐augmented pump therapy (SAP) therapy in young children with T1D and their parents. Methods Thirteen parents and their young children (ages 7–10) on insulin pump therapy were enrolled. Children completed an initial 4‐week study with SAP using their own pump and a study CGM followed by a 4‐week phase of AID. Sleep outcomes for parents and children were evaluated through actigraphy watches. Several questionnaires were administered at baseline and at the end of each study phase. CGM data were used to assess glycemic outcomes. Results Actigraphy data did not show any significant change from SAP to AID, except a reduction of number of parental awakenings during the night (p = 0.036). Parents reported statistically significant improvements in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score (p = 0.009), Hypoglycemia Fear Survey total score (p = 0.011), diabetes‐related distress (p = 0.032), and depression (p = 0.023). While on AID, time in range (70–180 mg/dL) significantly increased compared to SAP (p < 0.001), accompanied by a reduction in hyperglycemia (p = 0.001). Conclusions These results suggest that use of AID has a positive impact on glycemic outcomes in young children as well as sleep and diabetes‐specific quality of life outcomes in their parents.

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SUMMARY Two patients with the XXXXY syndrome are presented. Both boys are mentally retarded with short stature, muscular hypotonia, and hypogonadism. A constant feature of this syndrome is a varying degree of epiphysial dysplasia probably secondary to hypotonia and growth deceleration.