This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the effect of sieved coal bottom ash as a substitute for natural sand on the properties of concrete, when an extra 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% weight of cement was added. First, M-35 grade concrete was casted and tested; using a fixed percentage of 70% sieved coal bottom ash and 30% natural sand. The water cement ratio was maintained at 0.45. Then various tests including compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, density and water permeability were performed on the sieved coal bottom ash concrete. The results were compared with the control concrete and the percentage variations in strength were studied at 7, 28, 56 and 112 days. The results indicate a considerable increase in strength when 20% extra cement was added with the weight of cement.
This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation into the effects of sieved coal bottom ash (SCBA) as a replacement for natural sand on the properties of concrete. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength and water permeability were studied. Natural sand was replaced with SCBA (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100% by weight) at a fixed water/cement ratio. The results indicate that there was a decrease in the density and workability of SCBA concrete with an increase in SCBA percentage. It was also found that, compared with a control concrete, the compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength increased when the percentage of SCBA was increased up to 30% and the same properties decreased when the percentage of SCBA was increased beyond 30%. The permeability of SCBA decreased up to 50% replacement and increased beyond 50% replacement.
Motivated by the sustainable production perspective, a laboratory testing program is exercised to ascertain the feasibility of utilizing copper slag in place of the natural fine aggregate in concrete. Totally, fifteen concrete mixtures were prepared to incorporate copper slag in place of the fine aggregate in concrete. e attributes of concrete specimens made with varying proportions of copper slag were compared (ranging from 0% to 100% substitution) at a w/c ratio of 0.44, and the optimum percentage of copper slag was decided. e w/c ratio in the mix containing optimum copper slag percentage was then varied (from 0.42 to 0.36) to examine the influence of the change in the quantity of available water on the strength attributes of concrete. Concrete specimens were assessed for workability, density, compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength. SEM images and X-ray diffractograms of concrete specimens were also studied. e results obtained indicated a significant increase in workability and a small rise in the bulk density of concrete. e study concludes that substituting 60% sand with copper slag results in better compressive strength compared to control concrete and can be improved further by reducing the w/c ratio in the mix.
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