Inhibition of copper corrosion in acidic medium by ethanolic extract of Momordica balsamina leaves was investigated. Findings reveal that the rate of copper corrosion increases with increasing temperature of the medium but decreases as the concentration of the Momordica balsamina extract added to the medium increases. Examination of the surface morphology of copper using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) also reveals that while the surface of copper was seriously damaged in acidic solution in the absence of Momordica balsamina extract, addition of 0.8 of the extract significantly protected the copper surface from corrosion. Results obtained from adsorption and thermodynamic studies reveal that the adsorption of the inhibitor on the surface of the copper metal fitted well to both Freundlich ( ≥ 0.948) and Temkin ( ≥ 0.940) adsorption models and the low values of activation energies obtained ( ≤ 34.02 ) indicate that the adsorption of the inhibitor on the copper surface favors the mechanism of physical adsorption. Negative signs of obtained in the study suggest that the adsorption of Momordica balsamina on the copper metal is thermodynamically favorable. The data obtained in this study demonstrate that extract of Momordica balsamina leaves probably contains one or more chemical species that protect copper against corrosion through the mechanism of physical adsorption. © JASEM https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v21i6.12
Aim: To investigate the proximate composition and phytochemical constituents of matured Carica papaya seed. Study Design: Proximate composition was determined on Carica papaya seed powder while extracts for phytochemical analysis were obtained, in turn using five different solvents of varying polarity, namely n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and water. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical sciences, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria. The study was carried out between March- April, 2019. Results: The proximate composition of matured Carica papaya seed showed it contained crude fat (27.72%), carbohydrate (23.34%), crude fibre (21.25%), ash (10.25%), crude protein (9.65%) and moisture (7.34%). Qualitative phytochemical screening of Carica papaya seed extracts detected major phytochemicals except anthraquinones and quantitative analyses of these phytochemicals in all the five extracts showed that flavonoids was the most abundant phytochemical with 38.68%, 35.85%, 36.76%, 34.04% and 23.50% for methanol, aqueous, chloroform, n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions respectively while tannins was the least abundant phytochemical with 0.03% for methanol extract, 0.04% for n-hexane extract, 0.09% for aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts, and 0.14% for the chloroform extract. Conclusion: Seeds of matured Carica papaya contain major nutrients that may be useful in nutrition. The presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins in considerable quantities explained the medicinal activity of the plant material as encountered in its therapeutic uses.
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