Background and Aim: Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) is an emerging disease of elephant. Therefore, a study was conducted to know the actual status of the disease in Assam State of India. Materials and Methods: A total of 289 Asian elephants of Assam were screened during 2 years of study from April 2017 to March 2019. The clinical symptoms of diseased as well as gross and histopathological changes of dead elephants were recorded for the diagnosis of the disease. Virus involved in the occurrence of the disease was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: In the present study, a total of three elephant calves out of 22 were found positive to EEHV1A. On the other hand, three adult asymptomatic elephants were also found positive for EEHV1 on screening 267 captive Asian elephants of Assam. The amplified PCR product showed band size of 520, 600, and 930 bp. The PCR amplified product with size 600 bp had shown the gene sequence for EEHV1U77/HEL. Gross lesions include congested blood vessels of the liver and intestinal mucosa, foci of petechiae in the spleen, and heart and focal ulceration in the dorsal surface of the tongue. Microscopically, the kidneys showed intertubular edema and focal areas of degeneration associated with coagulative necrosis of the tubular epithelium. The liver showed hydropic degeneration and fatty changes of the hepatocytes. There was a massive proliferation of fibroblasts in the interlobular spaces which penetrated the necrosed areas of the hepatic lobules. Conclusion: A total of three wild rescued elephant calves and three asymptomatic adults were found positive for EEHV1A during the 2 years of study. The PCR amplified product with size 600 bp had shown the gene sequence for EEHV1U77/HEL.

Abstract:The experiment was carried out to study the effects of different doses of pig dung on the growth rate of Catlacatla during the summer season. Rate of application of pig dung doses were 10000 kgha -1 yr -1

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The study is conducted at two randomly selected development blocks of Nagaon district, Assam viz. Rupahi and Kaliabor Block during 2019-2021 to find out the constraints faced by the farmers in adoption of scientific fish farming. A total of 50 farmers from each of the selected blocks were finally selected through simple random sampling. A structured questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was used to collect responses about scientific fish farming problems and related information specifically based on preliminary survey as well as focus group discussions and Constraint Index (CI) was calculated. Lack of quality fish seed of required size and number at the time of stock (CI 1.66) in both Kaliabor and Rupahi blocks were the most common constraint and poaching of fish (CI 0.05) was the least common constraint. It was also observed that most of the adopters in the studied area were within the age group of 18 to 30 years which calls for better entrepreneurship and employment generation.