BackgroundCombination analgesics are effective in acute pain, and a theoretical framework predicts efficacy for combinations. The combination of dexketoprofen and tramadol is untested, but predicted to be highly effective.MethodsThis was a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, single-dose trial in patients with moderate or severe pain following third molar extraction. There were ten treatment arms, including dexketoprofen trometamol (12.5 mg and 25 mg) and tramadol hydrochloride (37.5 mg and 75 mg), given as four different fixed combinations and single components, with ibuprofen 400 mg as active control as well as a placebo control. The study objective was to evaluate the superior analgesic efficacy and safety of each combination and each single agent versus placebo. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with at least 50 % max TOTPAR over six hours.Results606 patients were randomised and provided at least one post-dose assessment. All combinations were significantly better than placebo. The highest percentage of responders (72 %) was achieved in the dexketoprofen trometamol 25 mg plus tramadol hydrochloride 75 mg group (NNT 1.6, 95 % confidence interval 1.3 to 2.1). Addition of tramadol to dexketoprofen resulted in greater peak pain relief and greater pain relief over the longer term, particularly at times longer than six hours (median duration of 8.1 h). Adverse events were unremarkable.ConclusionsDexketoprofen trometamol 25 mg combined with tramadol hydrochloride 75 mg provided good analgesia with rapid onset and long duration in a model of moderate to severe pain. The results of the dose finding study are consistent with pre-trial calculations based on empirical formulae.Trial registrationEudraCT (2010-022798-32); Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01307020).Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s10194-015-0541-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Background. The aim was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and safety of the dexketoprofen/tramadol 25 mg/75 mg fixed-dose combination vs dexketoprofen (25 mg) and tramadol (100 mg) in moderate-to-severe acute pain after total hip arthroplasty.Methods. This was a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study in patients experiencing pain of at least moderate intensity on the day after surgery, compared with placebo at first administration to validate the pain model. The study drug was administered orally every 8 h throughout a 5 day period. Rescue medication, metamizole 500 mg, was available during the treatment period. The evaluation of efficacy was based on patient assessments of pain intensity and pain relief. The primary end point was the mean sum of the pain intensity difference values throughout the first 8 h (SPID8).Results. Overall, 641 patients, mean age 62 (range 29–80) yr, were analysed; mean (sd) values of SPID8 were 247 (157) for dexketoprofen/tramadol, 209 (155) for dexketoprofen, 205 (146) for tramadol, and 151 (159) for placebo. The primary analysis confirmed the superiority of the combination over dexketoprofen 25 mg (P=0.019; 95% confidence interval 6.4–73) and tramadol 100 mg (P=0.012; 95% confidence interval 9.5–76). The single components were superior to placebo (P<0.05), confirming model sensitivity. Most secondary analyses supported the superiority of the combination. The incidence of adverse drug reactions was low and similar among active treatment groups.Conclusion. The efficacy results confirmed the superiority of dexketoprofen/tramadol over its single components, even at higher doses (tramadol), with a safety profile fully in line with that previously known for these agents in monotherapy.Clinical trial registration. EudraCT 2012-004548-31 ();ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01902134 ().
Multimodal analgesia constitutes a common strategy in pain management. A tramadol hydrochloride 75 mg/dexketoprofen 25 mg oral fixed combination (TRAM/DKP 75 mg/25 mg) has been recently registered and released in Europe for the treatment of moderate-to-severe acute pain. This paper provides additional analyses on the results of two phase III clinical trials (DEX-TRA-04 and DEX-TRA-05) on postoperative pain to document its sustained effect. The analysis was applied to a modified intention-to-treat population (mITT, n = 933) of patients undergoing active treatment from the first dose, to assess the sustained effect of TRAM/DKP 75 mg/25 mg on pain intensity (PI-VAS 0-100) over 56 h from first drug intake. The superior analgesic effect of TRAM/DKP 75 mg/25 mg over 56 h in terms of difference in PI-VAS (mean [SE]) was shown for DEX-TRA-04 (-11.0 [0.55] over dexketoprofen 25 mg and -9.1 [0.55] over tramadol 100 mg, P ≤ 0.0001) and for DEX-TRA-05 (-10.4 [0.51] over dexketoprofen 25 mg and -8.3 [0.51] over tramadol 100 mg, P ≤ 0.0001). The statistical analysis performed on data coming from both studies confirms the superior sustained analgesia of TRAM/DKP 75 mg/25 mg over tramadol 100 mg and dexketoprofen 25 mg. These results are consistent with the previously published data obtained on the ITT population and strongly support the role of this oral fixed-dose combination in the treatment of moderate-to-severe acute pain.
e16510^ Background: Progression free survival (PFS) is an accepted surrogate of Overall Survival (OS) often used as the primary endpoint in phase III trials evaluating maintenance treatment in advanced ovarian cancer (AOC). Methods: We compare the centrally assessed PFS (PFS-CA) vsthe locally assessed PFS (PFS-LA) data collected in the Mimosa Trial, a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, Phase III study of Abagovomab maintenance therapy in AOC patients in complete response after standard chemotherapy. PFS was assessed at pre-fixed time points by pelvis/abdomen CT scan, which were centrally and blinded reviewed by trained radiologists for radiological assessment (RA) of recurrence status and date (PFS-RA). An independent blinded committee, including one radiologist and one oncologist, reviewed all the CT scans and any additional imaging records AND/OR clinical data (when locally required for patients’management) to adjudicate the recurrence status and date (PFS-CA). PFS-CA was used for the primary analysis; sensitivity analyses were carried out on PFS-LA as well as on the strictly defined PFS-RA data. Results: 888 patients were randomized 2:1 to receive Abagovomab or placebo. In the ITT population (n = 886) time to PFS-CA was 403 and 402 days in Abagovomab and placebo group, respectively; in the sensitivity analyses time to PFS-LA was 407 and 409, and finally time to PFS-RA was 414- 487 days respectively, without any statistically significant differences between groups or PFS assessments. Conclusions: No differences were seen in PFS assessed centrally or locally when RA and clinical data are considered, whereas a slightly longer PFS was observed when it was assessed exclusively by the independent radiological review although this is not statistically different. The centralised independent assessment of recurrence status for ovarian cancer patients treated in the remission setting appears not to add value to the local blinded assessment. Clinical trial information: NCT00418574.
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