Background: The production of high yields of recombinant proteins is an enduring bottleneck in the post-genomic sciences that has yet to be addressed in a truly rational manner. Typically eukaryotic protein production experiments have relied on varying expression construct cassettes such as promoters and tags, or culture process parameters such as pH, temperature and aeration to enhance yields. These approaches require repeated rounds of trial-and-error optimization and cannot provide a mechanistic insight into the biology of recombinant protein production. We published an early transcriptome analysis that identified genes implicated in successful membrane protein production experiments in yeast. While there has been a subsequent explosion in such analyses in a range of production organisms, no one has yet exploited the genes identified. The aim of this study was to use the results of our previous comparative transcriptome analysis to engineer improved yeast strains and thereby gain an understanding of the mechanisms involved in highyielding protein production hosts.

A 1998-1999

No abstract

There has been much talk in recent years of a "crisis of confidence in charities" in the United States. This article presents a conceptual framework for analyzing the issue and reviews attitudinal and behavioral data relevant to public confidence in the nonprofit sector generally and major nonprofit subsectors. The article concludes that the "crisis of confidence" hypothesis is not supported by the evidence.

No abstract

N ONPROFIT management education (NME), largely a phenomenon of the past two decades, has grown rapidly in the United States. The field was virtually nonexistent in 1980; by 2000 there were ninety-one master's degree programs with at least a concentration in NME (Mirabella and Wish, 2001), nearly one hundred undergraduate programs, and about fifty universitybased certificate programs (Ashcraft, 2001;O'Neill and Fletcher, 1998). Understandably, the literature on nonprofit management education has focused on key internal issues such as what the curriculum should be, what kinds of students to target, what mix of full-time and adjunct faculty to use, how satisfied alums and employers are, and in what departments or schools such programs should be housed (Block, 1987;Fletcher, 2002;Hall and others, 2001;O'Neill and Fletcher, 1998;O'Neill and Young, 1988;Renz, 2004;Young, 1999). However, viewing this phenomenon as part of a larger picture can deepen our understanding of the origin and development of nonprofit management education and suggest ideas about its future. Three contexts are presented here: professional education, management education, and the growth of the U.S. nonprofit sector following World War II.

No abstract

No abstract