In hemodialysis patients, free amino acids and α-ketoacids in plasma were determined by fluorescence HPLC to assess the effect of α-ketoglutarate administration in combination with the phosphate binder calcium carbonate on the amino acid metabolism. During 1 year of therapy in parallel to inorganic phosphate, urea in plasma decreased significantly, histidine, arginine and proline as well as branched chain α-ketoacids, in particular α-ketoisocaproate, a regulator of protein metabolism, increased. Thus, administration of α-ketoglutarate with calcium carbonate effectively improves amino acid metabolism in hemodialysis patients as it decreases hyperphosphatemia.
Isolated pig liver cells cultured using a perfusion technique were analyzed over 39 days to test their ability to change the perfusate alpha-keto acid profile. While the pyruvate concentration in the culture medium decreased as of the first day, the alpha-ketoglutarate (KG), alpha-ketoisocaproate (KIC), alpha-ketoisovalerate (KIV) and alpha-keto-beta-methyl-n-valerate (KMV) were synthesized immediately and released by the liver cells. The metabolic capacity of the cell culture system increased up to day 10, decreased during the following 5 days and reached a steady state beyond day 15, which was maintained for at least 30 days. The branched chain alpha-keto acid release, in particular alpha-ketoisocaproate, reflects an effective transamination capacity of the newly developed culture system and shows an intact protein biosynthesis for at least 30 days in vitro.
PostersPlanta Med. 59, Supplement Issue 1993 A627 overy of isoquinoline alkaloids increased with increasing pressures, and the extraction time (from 30 mm to 1 h). The supercritical extractions were therefore more selective than the liquid ones using organic solvents,
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.