Dec., 19511% Situ X -R A Y DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF HETEROGENEOUS KEACTIONS 5635 lakes. The lakes formed by additlg a drop of a solution containing at least 0.2 mg./ml. of the respective dyes to a little solid palladium(I1) cyanide on a piece of filter paper are dark blue and red-pink, respectively. Hence it is easy to differentiate between drops of solutions which contain at least approximately 0.2 mg. of dye par milliliter.Palladium( 11) cyanide also forms adsorption complexes with many alkaloids. Dilute hydrochloric acid solutions of caffeine, theobromine, quinine, ephedrine and berberine were prepared which gave a turbidity on the addition of phosphomolybdic acid. About 5 ml. of these solutions was shaken with palladium(I1) cyanide and filtered. On the addition of phosphomolybdic acid, the solution remained clear, showing that the alkaloids were completely adsorbed by the palladium(I1) cyanide. Some of the caffeine adsorption complex with palladium( 11) cyanide was prepared by heating a suspension of the cyanide in an aqueous solution of caffeine. After drying the residue a t 110' the palladium content was found to be 52.5%. Thus in spite of its large molecular volume, caffeine forms the same type of adsorption complex as do the amines which have a smaller molecular volume. It is thus possible to concentrate alkaloids by forming adsorption complexes with palladium( 11) cyanide and decomposing the complex in a suitable manner.
The observations made in this work indicate the difficulty in extracting generalizations about how efficiently hydrates serve to control smoke levels in a fire situation which involves periods of pyrolysis and of combustion. In our opinion magnesium hydroxide deserves serious consideration as a smoke retardant for EPDM rubbers. This is based on its superior performance in the flaming smoke test, its moderately good performance in the early part of nonfiaming smoke test, its high LOI, and its reinforcing properties. The electrical properties of the Mg(OH)2 filled EPDM rubber indicate that it could be acceptable for some types of electrical insulation or cable covering applications.
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