Purpose: To ascertain whether propofol prevents lipid peroxidation on delayed neuronal death induced by transient forebrain ischemia in the hippocampal CA1 subfield in gerbils.Methods: Forty gerbils were randomly assigned to five groups: Group I, control, sham operation treated with physiological saline solution (PSS); Group II, ischemia/reperfusion treated with PSS; Group III, ischemia/reperfusion treated with 50 mg·kg -1 propofol; Group IV, ischemia/reperfusion treated with 100 mg·kg -1 propofol; Group V, ischemia /reperfusion treated with 150 mg·kg -1 propofol. Transient forebrain ischemia was induced by occluding the bilateral common carotid arteries for four minutes under N 2 O/O 2 /halothane anesthesia after propofol or PSS. Five days later, the cerebrum was removed and each forebrain was cut into two including the hippocampus. Lipid peroxidation was determined using the production of malondialdehyde (MDA), and histopathological changes in the hippocampal CA1 subfield were examined.Results: In group II, the pyramidal cells were atrophic and pycnotic; vacuolation and structural disruption of the radial striated zone was observed. In the other four groups, these changes were not observed. Degenerative ratios of pyramidal cells were: Group I: 4.9 ± 2.3, Group II: 94.1 ± 4.5 (P < 0.01), Group III: 12.5 ± 5.7, Group IV: 11.0 ± 4.6, Group V: 9.6 ± 4.9%. Production of MDA was: Group I: 83 ± 22, Group II: 198 ± 25 (P < 0.01), Group III: 153 ± 39, Group IV: 113 ± 34, Group V: 106 ± 27 nmol·g -1 wet tissue.Conclusion: Propofol attenuated delayed neuronal death by preventing lipid peroxidation induced by transient forebrain ischemia in the hippocampal CA1 subfield in gerbils.Objectif : Vérifier si le propofol empêche la peroxydation lipidique qui survient à la mort neuronale différée induite par une ischémie transitoire du prosencéphale, dans le sous-champ CA1 de l'hippocampe chez des gerbilles.Méthode : On a réparti au hasard 40 gerbilles en cinq groupes : dans le groupe 1, témoin, elles ont subi une opération fictive traitée avec une solution physiologique salée (SPS); dans le groupe II, une ischémie/reperfusion traitée avec une SPS; dans le groupe III, une ischémie/reperfusion traitée avec 50 mg·kg -1 de propofol; dans le groupe IV, une ischémie/reperfusion traitée avec 100 mg·kg -1 de propofol et dans le groupe V, une ischémie/reperfusion traitée avec 150 mg·kg -1 de propofol. L'ischémie transitoire du cerveau antérieur a été induite par l'occlusion bilatérale des artères carotides communes pendant quatre minutes sous anesthésie au N 2 O/O 2 /halothane après l'administration de propofol ou de SPS. Cinq minutes plus tard, le cerveau a été retiré et chaque prosencéphale a été coupé en deux, incluant l'hippocampe. La peroxydation lipidique a été déterminée en utilisant la production de malondialdéhyde (MDA), et les changements histopathologiques du sous-champ CA1 de l'hippocampe ont été examinés.Résultats : Dans le groupe II, les cellules pyramidales étaient atrophiques et pycnotiques; une rupture vacuolaire et stru...
We believe that the SGB needle injured the vertebral artery and caused massive hemorrhage anterior to the cervical vertebra, subsequently inducing pharyngolaryngeal edema by obstructing the venous and lymphatic drainage of the cervical region.
We studied 100 men who were scheduled for urological surgery (Group 1) and another 50 men for orthopaedic surgery (Group 2). We attempted to anaesthetise both sides of the lower body in Group 1 and to anaesthetise one leg in Group 2 by injecting 0.3% hyperbaric dibucaine intrathecally. The presence or absence of the cremasteric reflex and loss of sensation to pinprick higher than the first lumbar dermatome were examined by two researchers who were blind to each other's results. In Group 1, both the reflex and the pinprick sensation were always absent bilaterally 5 min after intrathecal injection. In Group 2, in 23 of 50 patients the reflex had become absent bilaterally; in all these patients, bilateral sensory loss was detected. In the remaining 27 patients, both the reflex and the pinprick sensation were absent on the operation side, whereas both were present on the nonoperation side. Sensitivity, specificity and positive or negative predictive value for the cremasteric reflex were all 100%. Disappearance of the cremasteric reflex is a simple objective indicator of spinal anaesthesia at the first lumbar dermatome. This test may be useful in patients who cannot give reliable answers to conventional tests, such as the pinprick test.
34GENERAL ANESTHESIA Purpose: To investigate neuromuscular block using accelography after administration of vecuronium under sevoflurane 8% induction and maintenance with sevoflurane 2% in adults.
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