HLA typing was done in 51 unrelated children with epilepsy of unknown origin. The frequency of the antigens of the loci A, B, C, and DR were compared with control groups as follows: (1,085 for the loci A and B, and 200 for C and DR). Statistically significant increased frequency of HLA-DR5 (X2 = 13.08, p less than 0.001) in the patients was demonstrated. Association between HLA-DR5 with different type of seizures was not found in this study.
Cancer-related fatigue is one of the most common and significant symptoms experienced by cancer patients. The cancer-related fatigue can occur at any stage of the disease or its treatment and has an impact on patient's quality of life, regarding physical functioning and the ability to perform activities of daily living. In addition, it is associated with psychological distress. There is no agreement between various authors about the definition and measurement of cancer-related fatigue. There is a range of scales which measure cancer-related fatigue based on unidimensional or multi-dimensional perspective. This review aims to identify available tools applied in practice for the measurement and evaluation of cancer-related fatigue and discusses important conceptual and psychometric characteristics of these instruments.
Thirty-five non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects were divided into two groups, according to therapeutical approach. The first group consisted of 17 diabetics receiving sulfonylureas and maintaining a satisfactory metabolic control. The second group included 18 patients who were transferred from sulfonylureas to insulin treatment, i.e. patients developing secondary failure to sulfonylurea drugs. We established that the patients with secondary failure to sulfonylurea drugs show a significantly lower B-cell secretory response following stimulation with i.v. tolbutamide, a significantly lower peripheral insulin sensitivity by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, and an increased frequency of HLAB21 and HLADR1 antigens. This latter study was performed in 42 patients. We thus conclude that in these patients diabetes mellitus may be considered as a separate form of the disease, which needs reevaluation of the criteria concerning therapeutical approach, prognosis, and evolution.
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