Pathogenic and genetic characterizations of 96 isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina from Mexico and other countries were carried out in order to define the pathogenic and genetic patterns of diversity and to gain insights into the pathogenic and genetic specialization in this fungus. Isolates were collected from different hosts in Mexico (23 isolates), Italy, Australia, Japan, Argentina, USA, Colombia and Brazil (73 isolates). Pathogenicity was evaluated in seeds of two Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivars under in vitro conditions, while genotype was determined on the basis of amplified fragment-length polymorphisms (AFLPs). The most frequent pathotypes were 4095 (15 isolates) and 0 (nine isolates), while 59 isolates had a unique pathotype (61%). Cluster analysis showed two contrasting groups of isolates on the basis of pathogenicity, where one group mainly included the most aggressive isolates from Mexico and Colombia. The AFLP analysis produced 418 amplified products and 92.8% were polymorphic. Cluster analysis showed no clear association between AFLP genotype and geographical origin. When subgroups of isolates were re-analysed, we found a clear differentiation between Mexican and non-Mexican isolates. Results confirmed the significant pathogenic and genetic diversity of Macrophomina and showed a clear differentiation between Mexican isolates from all others.
es una solución favorable para contrarrestar la falta de alimentos para el ganado y altos costos de producción de forraje, debido a que el maíz utilizado como ensilado constituye del 30 al 40 % de la ración diaria utilizada para la alimentación de bovinos productores de leche. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el rendimiento de forraje y valor nutricional de nueve híbridos de maíz e identificar aquellos que puedan constituir una alternativa para los productores de bovinos de leche de los Valles Altos de México. Los híbridos evaluados fueron H-47 AE, H-49 AE, H-51 AE, H-53 AE, H 61 R, Tlaoli Puma, Tsíri Puma y Atziri Puma, así como un material experimental. El experimento se estableció en tres ambientes: una fecha de siembra en la FES Cuautitlán-UNAM y dos en el Campo Experimental Valle de México (CEVAMEX) del INIFAP. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones, bajo un arreglo factorial que consideró como factores a los ambientes y a los genotipos. Tlaoli Puma y H-49 AE presentaron características productivas deseables con respecto a los otros híbridos evaluados, ya que tuvieron los mayores rendimientos de materia seca (23.1 y 21.0 t ha-1, respectivamente), digestibilidad in vitro de la materia seca (67.0 a 69.8 %) y proteína cruda (8.1 y 8.4 %). La cosecha en la FES Cuautitlán-UNAM a los 125 días de desarrollo produjo mayores rendimientos de materia verde y seca, menor porcentaje de proteína cruda y menores contenidos de fibra detergente ácido (FDA) con respecto a los ambientes del CEVAMEX. Los híbridos Tlaoli Puma y H-49 AE constituyen una alternativa para los productores de ganado bovino de Valles Altos de México.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.