The article presents the optimization of high-pressure die casting process technology for equestrian stirrups with the application of computer simulation. In the initial stage, the output technology was analyzed, and on the basis of a series of virtual experiments the cause of defects in the casting was highlighted. The optimization process includes different designs of a gating system. Additionally, the casting application properties were evaluated in an exploitation simulation, taking into account predicted defects resulting from the casting and solidification process. Based on the conducted analyses, technological changes were made to the casting technology design allowing the defects occurring in the original technological concept to be removed.
The aim of the work is to investigate the effectiveness of selected classification algorithms and their extensions in assessing microstructure of castings. Experiments were carried out in which the prepared algorithms and machine learning methods were tested in various conditions and configurations, as well as for various input data, which are photos of castings (photos of the microstructure) or information about the material (e.g., type, composition). As shown by the literature review, there are few scientific papers on this subject (i.e., in the use of machine learning to assess the quality of the microstructure and the obtained strength properties of cast iron). The effectiveness of machine learning algorithms in assessing the quality of castings will be tested using the most universal methods. Results obtained by classic machine learning methods and by neural networks will be compared with each other, taking into account aspects such as interpretability of results, ease of model implementation, algorithm simplicity, and learning time.
This paper discusses technical problems related with casting of titanium alloys in centrifugal vacuum furnaces. The potentials of an analysis of the centrifugal casting process carried out in the Flow3D software CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) were presented. Simulations were carried out on a model set, which enables casting of two connecting rods for an I.C. engine. Changes in the mould filling process were examined for the three selected spinning velocities of the casting arm. The ranges of the metal flow velocity in mould were calculated as well as metal pressure in mould after reaching a predetermined spinning velocity. The results and the adopted mould geometry enabled determination of the magnitude of stress occurring in mould at the time of filling it with liquid titanium alloy. The paper presents a methodology for testing of the ceramic material strength using a four-point loading arrangement. The strength of the ceramic material was determined on samples heated at different temperatures. The obtained results enabled a thesis to be formulated that for pouring of moulds in a centrifugal vacuum furnace, the layered foundry ceramic moulds can be safely used, and the use of moulds that will provide the directional solidification of metal should be possible as well.Keywords: Centrifugal casting, innovative casting materials, titanium alloys, liquid ceramic slurries, ceramic mould W artykule przedstawiono problemy techniczne związane z odlewaniem stopów tytanu w próżniowych piecach odśrod-kowych. Zaprezentowano możliwości analizy procesu zalewania wirującej formy przeprowadzonej w programie Flow3D CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). Obliczenia symulacyjne prowadzono dla zestawu modelowego umożliwiającego odlanie dwóch korbowodów silnika spalinowego. Analizowano zmiany sposobu wypełniania formy dla trzech wybranych prędkości wirowania ramienia odlewniczego. Obliczono zakresy prędkości przepływu metalu w formie oraz ciśnienia metalu występują-cego w formie po osiągnięciu założonej prędkości obrotowej. Uzyskane wyniki oraz przyjęta geometria formy pozwoliły na wyznaczenie wielkości naprężeń występujących w formie w momencie wypełnienia jej ciekłym stopem tytanu. Przedstawiono metodykę badania wytrzymałości materiału ceramicznego wykorzystującego czteropunktowy układ obciążający. Wyznaczono wytrzymałość materiału ceramicznego dla próbek wygrzewanych w różnych temperaturach. Otrzymane wyniki pozwalają na przedstawienie tezy, że w podczas zalewania form w próżniowym piecu odśrodkowym będzie można bezpiecznie wykorzystywać warstwowe ceramiczne formy odlewnicze, oraz będzie możliwe zastosowanie form zapewniających założone kierunkowe krzepnięcie metalu.
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