Human-orangutan conflict and hunting are thought to pose a serious threat to orangutan existence in Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of Borneo. No data existed prior to the present study to substantiate these threats. We investigated the rates, spatial distribution and causes of conflict and hunting through an interview-based survey in the orangutan's range in Kalimantan, Indonesia. Between April 2008 and September 2009, we interviewed 6983 respondents in 687 villages to obtain socio-economic information, assess knowledge of local wildlife in general and orangutan encounters specifically, and to query respondents about their knowledge on orangutan conflicts and killing, and relevant laws. This survey revealed estimated killing rates of between 750 and 1800 animals killed in the last year, and between 1950 and 3100 animals killed per year on average within the lifetime of the survey respondents. These killing rates are higher than previously thought and are high enough to pose a serious threat to the continued existence of orangutans in Kalimantan. Importantly, the study contributes to our understanding of the spatial variation in threats, and the underlying causes of those threats, which can be used to facilitate the development of targeted conservation management.
Nowadays the development of thinking skills has become the main focus in educational research. Standard of graduate competency mandate that graduates of schools to universities in Indonesia must have thinking skills. Related to this, the goal of this quasi-experimental study was to describe the effectivity of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) student worksheets to improve students' critical thinking skills (CTS) in the topic of mixtures separation. This study was carried out in the SMPN 1 Pugung by using the Non-Equivalent (Pretest-Posttest) Control Group Design. The effectivity of PjBL student worksheets measured based on the n-gain and the effect size values. Statistically, the n-gain value of the experimental class was higher than the control class. The effect size value was in medium categorized. These results indicated that the PjBL student worksheets were effective to improve students' CTS in the topic of mixtures separation. Keywords: student worksheets, project-based learning, critical thinking skills, mixtures separation
The hoax informations that spread through social media had a negative impact on society. Therefore, research had been conducted in Gedongtataan Upper Secondary School No.1 to describe the effectiveness of problem-based learning model on hoax informations in improving students' critical thinking skills. This study was used the matching only pretest-posttest control group design. The sample in this study was the 11th grade of IPA 4 (experimental class) and the 11th grade of IPA 5 (control class) which was obtained by using purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the average n-gain in the experimental and control classes was 0.7 and 0.6, respectively. Based on this, it could be concluded that the problem based learning model on the hoax informations was effective in improving students' critical thinking skills. Keywords: critical thinking skills, hoax informations, problem-based learning.
Human-orangutan conflict and hunting are thought to pose a serious threat to orangutan existence in Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of Borneo. No data existed prior to the present study to substantiate these threats. We investigated the rates, spatial distribution and causes of conflict and hunting through an interview-based survey in the orangutan's range in Kalimantan, Indonesia. Between April 2008 and September 2009, we interviewed 6983 respondents in 687 villages to obtain socio-economic information, assess knowledge of local wildlife in general and orangutan encounters specifically, and to query respondents about their knowledge on orangutan conflicts and killing, and relevant laws. This survey revealed estimated killing rates of between 630 and 1357 animals killed in the last year, and between 2383 and 3882 animals killed per year on average within the lifetime of the survey respondents. These killing rates are higher than previously thought and are high enough to pose a serious threat to the continued existence of orangutans in Kalimantan. Importantly, the study contributes to our understanding of the spatial variation in threats, and the underlying causes of those threats, which can be used to facilitate the development of targeted conservation management.
Creative thinking skills have an important role to face the challenges of the 21st century. This study aims to improve the creative thinking skills of junior high school students through a project-based learning model for processing cassava peel waste. This research method is quasi-experimental, non-equivalent pre-test-post-test control group design. The sample in this study was class VII students of SMPN 1 Purbolinggo, who were determined using a purposive sampling technique. The number of students in the control and the experimental classes was 32 people each. The instruments in this research are the Creative Thinking Skills Test and Performance Assessment. The results showed that the average N-gain for creative thinking skills in the experimental class was in the medium category (0.58), while on the control class, it was in the low category (0.29). Cohen's d coefficients for each indicator of creative thinking skills fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration; were 0.62, 0.58, 0.72, and 0.72, respectively, all in the medium category. However, Cohen's d coefficient effect size for the average N-gain overall creative thinking skills is 2.40, belonging to the very large category. Based on these results, it can conclude that the project-based learning model is effective with a very large effect on improving students' creative thinking skills.
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