Summer savory (Satureja hortensis L., Lamiaceae) is used in several regions of the world as a spice and folk medicine. Anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects of S. hortensis and of its rosmarinic acid-rich phenolic fraction have been demonstrated in animal trials. However, previous studies of rosmarinic acid in cell models have yielded controversial results. In this study, we investigated the effects of summer savory extracts on H2O2-challenged human lymphoblastoid Jurkat T cells. LC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of rosmarinic acid and flavonoids such as hesperidin and naringin in the phenolic fraction. Adding 25 or 50 µM of H2O2 to the cell culture caused oxidative stress, manifested as generation of superoxide and peroxyl radicals, reduced cell viability, G0/G1 arrest, and enhanced apoptosis. This stress was significantly alleviated by the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of S. hortensis and by the partially purified rosmarinic acid fraction. The application of an aqueous S. hortensis extract doubled the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the cells. The production of IL-2 and IL-10 interleukins was stimulated by H2O2 and was further enhanced by the addition of the S. hortensis extract or rosmarinic acid fraction. The H2O2-challenged Jurkat cells may serve as a model for investigating cellular mechanisms of cytoprotective phytonutrient effects.
The flowers of French marigold (Tagetes patula L.) are widely used in folk medicine, in particular for treating inflammation-related disorders. However, cellular mechanisms of this activity demand further investigation. In the present work, we studied the potential of T. patula compounds to alleviate the oxidative stress in hydrogen peroxide-challenged human lymphoblastoid Jurkat T-cells. Crude extracts of marigold flowers and purified fractions containing flavonoids patuletin, quercetagetin, and quercetin and their derivatives, as well as the carotenoid lutein, were brought in contact with Jurkat cells challenged with 25 or 50 μM H2O2. Hydrogen peroxide caused oxidative stress in the cells, manifested as generation of superoxide and peroxyl radicals, reduced viability, arrested cell cycle, and enhanced apoptosis. The stress was alleviated by marigold ingredients that demonstrated high radical-scavenging capacity and enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes involved in neutralization of reactive oxygen species. Flavonoid fraction rich in quercetin and quercetagetin showed the highest cytoprotective activity, while patuletin in high dose exerted a cytotoxic effect associated with its anticancer potential. T. patula compounds enhanced the production of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant interleukin-10 (IL-10) in Jurkat cells. Both direct radical-scavenging capacity and stimulation of protective cellular mechanisms can underlay the anti-inflammatory properties of marigold flowers.
Background: Possibilities of pharmacological regulation of apoptosis play an important role in the treatment of different diseases. Polyphenol-rich plant extracts, as well as isolated polyphenols, can regulate cell apoptosis primarily through intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of action and are the most intriguing and studied class of compounds that can be therapeutics for a wide range of common diseases, including cancer. Polyphenols are well known as powerful antioxidants, their action is also associated with pro-apoptotic function in various types of tumor cells.The purpose of this study was to establish the anti-and pro-apoptotic activity of Georgian legume crops in model cellular systems.Methods: Legume crop extracts (LCEs) were prepared in water-alcohol solute. Polyphenols content in the extracts was determined by Folin–Ciocalteu method, antiradical activity (AA) - according the comparative time of the 50% neutralization of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) cleavage.Studies were carried out on human leukemic mature T (Jurkat) and normal epithelial MDCK cells lines. For modelling of oxidative stress, 30% hydrogen peroxide was used. LCEs were added to intact or incubated under oxidative stress conditions Jurkat and MDCK cells. Cells’ viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethyltiazol-2)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium-bromide (MTT) test. Catalase and Superoxidedismutase (SOD) activity in cellular supernatant was measured by spectrophotometry.Results: LCEs revealed selective pro- and antiapoptotic activity on the intact and incubated under oxidative stress conditions Jurkat and MDCK cells. The cytotoxic effect of LCEs on intact Jurkat and MDCK cells was independent of their AA and activity of enzymatic cellular antioxidant defense system.The cytoprotective effect of LCEs on MDCK cells was realized through redox-dependent mechanisms and is associated both with the own AA of the extracts and with the stimulating effect of the extracts on the activity of enzymatic cellular antioxidant defense system, where catalase played a leading role. LCEs didn’t protect Jurkat cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis.Conclusion: The obtained results allow us to conclude that in cancer chemotherapy the legume extracts might be combined with prooxidant drugs, in order to protect normal cells, but not the malignant ones, from their apoptosis-inducing effect. On the other hand, these extracts may protect non-malignant tissues/organs from various apoptosis-related disorders.
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