An experiment was carried out both boro season (FebruaryJune, 2013) and aman season (July-December, 2013) in the permanent experimental field of the Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. The objectives of present research work were tosee the effects of long-term fertilization and manuring on soil fertility and yield of boro and aman rice in flood plain (Subtropical) soil (AericHaplaquepts). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. There were 10 treatment combinations viz, Control, N, NP, NK, NPK, NZn, NS, NSZn, NPKSZn and NPK+FYM. The results indicated that the yield contributing characters and yield of BRRI dhan28 (Boro rice) and BR11 (Aman rice) were significantly increased due to different treatments. For boro rice, the highest plant height (cm), 1000-grain weight (g), effective tiller hill-1 and biological yield (t ha-1) were found in NPKSZn treatment. The highest grain yield and straw yield of boro ricewere also observed in NPKSZn treatment. Grain yield was increased by 71%, 119%, 127%, 132%, 133%, 144%, 161% and 200% over Control in NZn, NS, NK, N, NP, NPK+FYM, NPK, NSZn and NPKSZn treatments, respectively. Straw yield was increased by 82%, 83%, 98%, 110%, 112%, 139%, 145%, and 167% over Control in N, NP, NPK+FYM, NZn, NK, NPK, NSZn, NS and NPKSZn treatments, respectively. Again for aman rice, the highest number of unfilled grain panicle-1, grain yield (t ha-1) and harvest index (%) were recorded in NPKSZn treatment. Grain yield was increased by 79%, 85%, 87%, 97%, 116%, 117%, 159% and 165% over Control in NP, NZn, N, NPK, NPK+FYM, NK, NSZn, NS and NPKSZn treatments, respectively. Straw yield was increased by 119%, 121%, 135%, 142%, 149%, 152%, 200%, 217%, and 246% over Control in NP, N, NPK, NPK+FYM, NK, NZn, NPKSZn, NSZn and NS treatments, respectively.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 222-229
Zinc deficiency is prevalent and affects nearly two billion people in the developing world, where mainly cereals are consumed as staple food by the people. It is essential to study the genetic characters of the rice genotypes containing genes responsible for zinc synthesis so that they can be used as breeding resource to develop nutrient rich rice varieties. In this study, 46 rice (Oryza sativa L., 2n=24) genotypes were studied for their Zinc biosynthesis ability using 3 Rice Microsatellite (RM) markers (RM23, RM217 and RM35) linked to Zn content at Biotechnology Laboratory of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) and Genetics and Plant Breeding Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during 5 August, 2013 to 30 April, 2014. The DNA samples were isolated by CTAB mini-prep method from 21 days older rice leaf samples followed by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Three markers (Rm23, RM35 and RM217) showed effective polymorphism in DNA band appearance for Zn content out of ten SSR markers. The alleles were separated on Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) system. After molecular analyses of DNA bands using Power Marker software, variation was found in allele number, allele frequency, polymorphism information content (PIC) and gene diversity for each genotype. Number of alleles (23, 19 & 13), PIC-polymorphism information content (0.946, 0.911 & 0.829), gene diversity (0.948, 0.917 & 0.846), rare allele (16, 12 & 8) and null allele (0, 16 & 2) were observed for 3 rice microsatellite (RM) markers viz. RM35, RM217 and RM23, respectively for the 46 rice genotypes. A total of 55 alleles were found by using 3 SSR primers for all genotypes. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 13 to 23 with an average of 18.33 out of total 55 alleles. The UPGMA Dendrogram categorized all the varieties into 7 distinct clusters based on 50% of average genetic distance among the 46 genotypes (Figure 2 and Table 7). Since the primers showed almost similar and highest PIC values, based on this study, the larger range of similarity values using SSR markers will provide greater confidence for the assessment of genetic relationships among the varieties. The information obtained from SSR profiling helped in identifying the varieties containing genes for Zn synthesis among the selected rice genotypes. Among all the rice genotypes, Kumra Ghor, Ghigoj, Tilek Kuchi contained high Zn content found in another chemical analysis. Most of the genotypes contained candidate gene for Zn synthesis and can be used as breeding materials to develop nutrient (Zn) rich rice varieties through different selective breeding methods in future.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 187-197
Although numerous attempts have been made during the last five decades, no hybrids combining the qualities of the two commercially most important species have been released so far. Dry seeds of Corchorus capsularis L. vat. D-154 and Corchorus olitorius L. var. C.G. were irradiated with gamma rays of various intensities from 70 Kr. to 100 Kr. and were sown in the field. Abnormal plants of the first generation showing bilobed and crinkled characters in their leaves induced by gamma rays were chosen as male parents. 300 crosses of different combinations were made. In all 120 fruits developed into maturity. All the seeds failed to germinate except those from the crosses ~. C.G. (0 Kr.) × ~ D-154 (80 Kr.) and ~ D-154 (0 Kr.) × ~ C.G. (70 Kr.). F x plants from the cross ~ C.G. (0 Kr.) i< ~ D-154 (80 Kr.) inherited the bilobed character of the male parent whereas the plants from the other cross failed to show any sign of inheritance of the male parent. This indicated that the plants from the cross g C.G. (0 Kr.) × ~ D-154 (80 Kr.) were hybrids. These hybrids attained a greater height than the controls and were highly fertile.
Jute is the most important fibre crop for Bangladesh and second important for world. Bangladesh requires about 6000 tons of jute seed. Among this quantity Bangladesh produce whole amount of Corchorus capsularis L. (white jute) seed but only very little amount of Corchorus olitorius L. (tossa jute) seed. Production of tossa jute seed is not too profitable because of high production cost for that reason farmers of Bangladesh are not interested to produce seed of tossa jute. And production cost of jute seed is mainly associated with labor cost that is mainly for weeding. This study was conducted to assess the best herbicide application time to enhance seed productivity, quality and reduction the cost of production. In this experiment two Corchorus species were grown using three different herbicide application times and no herbicide application used as control. The results indicated that for tossa jute (BJRI tossa pat-8) maximum plant population, plant height, branch/plant, capsule/plant, seed/capsule, seed yield, germination capacity, field emergence capacity, seed vigour and CVG were found in Control plot. Maximum 1000 seed weight and MGT were recorded in herbicide applied at 13th days after cutting transplanting. Maximum capsule length found at 10th days of herbicide application. For white jute (CVL-1) highest plant population, plant height, branch/plant, seed/capsule, capsule length, germination capacity, field emergence capacity, seed vigour and CVG were recorded in control plot. Highest capsule/plant, 1000 seed weight and seed yield were found in herbicide applied at 13th days after cutting transplanting. Maximum MGT found in herbicide applied at 16th days after cutting transplanting. Result revealed that herbicide use reduce the production cost of jute seed compare to manual seed production technology.
Iron deficiency causes anemia in human body. So identification of iron rich rice genotypes as well as biofortification of staple food crops is an effective way to overcome such malnutrition problems. A total of 46 local rice landraces of Bangladesh were used in chemical analysis and DNA fingerprinting to study their ability to synthesize and accumulate iron content in the grain. Rice plants were grown and their grains were collected and digested by acidKNO3:HClO4. iron concentrations were measured from The highest iron content was found Kumra Ghor (168.52ppm) and the lowest in Patnai Balam (0.45 ppm). The SSR markers were used to determine the allelic diversity and relationship among the selected rice germplasms for iron content. Out of 10 SSR primers, 5 primers showed DNA amplification and polymorphism among all the genotypes. Variation was found in number of alleles, allele frequency, Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) and gene diversity. The primer, RM35 having motif (GA) 19 also yielded the highest number of alleles (23) and highest PIC value (0.946). A total of 72 bands were recorded by using 5 SSR primers in all genotypes. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 23 with an average of 14.40 out of 72 bands. The UPGMA Dendrogram based on Nei’s (1973) genetic distance placed the varieties into 6 distinct clusters. Most of the primers showed the highest Polymorphism Information Content (PIC). Based on this study, the larger range of similarity values using SSR markers provides greater confidence for the assessment of genetic relationships among the varieties. The information obtained from chemical analysis and SSR profiling helps to identify the varieties containing iron content. Genotypes with high iron content could be used as breeding materials to develop nutrient rich rice varieties in order to combat iron deficient problems in population of Bangladesh. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2016, 1 (1), 1-14
Anemia in human being due to iron deficiency would be solved with the intake of iron rich rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain developed by biofortification. Phenotypical study of obsolete rice germplasms containing high iron content is important. Phenotypic characters like flowering and maturity time; plant height; tillers hill‑1; grains panicle‑1; seed weight and grain yield plant‑1 were studied for 39 rice genotypes in this research. In this research, Malagoti showed early maturity (126 day), Dhar Shail showed highest filled grain panicle-1 (303), Marish Shail showed highest grain yield plant-1 (86.66g), and Karengal showed lowest filled grain panicle-1 (59.67) and lowest grain yield plant-1 (17.20g). Number of filled grains panicle-1 showed high heritability. All the yield contributing traits except panicle length and unfilled grains panicle-1 were significantly and positively correlated with grain yield plant-1 at both phenotypic and genotypic level. The highest direct effects (0.486 and 9.75) on grain yield plant-1 were found for plant height and days to maturity at phenotypic and genotypic level with residual effect 0.461 and 0.496 respectively. Finally, the obsolete genotypes with highest grain yield (Marish Shail) and early maturity (Malagoti) performance would be used as breeding materials to improve iron rich rice varieties. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2016, 1 (1), 15-22
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