This study assesses the problems associated with Fadama II crop farming in Adamawa state. Data were collected on a sample of 160 farmers and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings from the study showed that Inadequate and high cost of fertilizer was reported to be very severe and serious problem affecting the crop farmers of Fadama, and this accounted for about 56.25 percent of the respondents, while 13.75 percent of the respondents were severely affected. However, only 30 percent of the farmers considered the problem as not severe, it further revealed that, about 57 percent of the respondents reported that high cost of agrochemicals was not a severe problem, while 16.88 percent were severely affected by the problem. The respondents that were very severely affected by this problem constituted 26.25 percent. On the use of improved seeds, the study shows that, majority of the respondents about 50 percent did not consider non availability of improved seeds as a severe problem, while 21.25 percent considered the non-availability of improved seeds as a severe problem. However, 28.75 percent of the respondents regarded the non-availability of improved seeds as a very severe problem. Cost of labour for production as revealed from the study shows that, about 45 percent of the respondents looked at high cost of labour as not a severe problem, while 30.63 percent considered it to be a severe problem. Consequently, about 24.39 percent reported it as a very severe problem. The study concludes that, several problems associate Fadama crop farming in the study area. The study identified problems associated with the crop production by the Fadama II beneficiaries such as inadequate and high cost of fertilizer, high cost of agrochemicals (herbicides/pesticides), non-availability of improved seeds, clashes with pastoralist, high cost of paid labour, high cost of water pumps and inadequate supply of water during some months. It therefore recommends that, Government should take renewed interest in dry season production by strengthening support and public-private partnership so as to boost production and win niche markets with a challenge of making better markets for farmers, while at the same time ensuring that production technologies adopted is more environmentally sustainable. Government should establish where feasible micro irrigation scheme that will ensure all year round crop production and livestock rearing.This will not only increase crop production but reduce the rate of conflict in the use of communal natural resource.
A detailed geological mapping of the area around Arum and environs part of Kurra sheet 189 SW was carried out on the scale of 1: 12, 500. Geologic field mapping and petrographic study (both megascopic and microscopic) were the methodology used. The geologic mapping of the area identified four rock units which are; granite, porphyritic granite, granitic gneiss and Porphyroblastic gneiss. These rock types were distributed such that the granite at the north-eastern part covered about 25%, the north –western portion was occupied by the porphyritic granite which occupied the largest portion of about 30% of the area. The third rock unit is the granitic gneiss which covered only about 20%. The fourth (last) and the oldest rock unit is the Porphyroblastic gneiss covering about 25% of the total area at the south-eastern corner. Megascopic and microscopic study revealed that the rocks in the area comprised of minerals such as; quartz, biotite, muscovite, microcline, feldspar, hornblende, garnet, etc. Structures that were clearly evident in the area included fault, foliation, joints, and veins. Structural analysis showed that their rose diagrams proved a NW-SE, NNE-SSW and NE-SW trends to be dominant.
This study was done to evaluate the groundwater potentials of Shendam and environs using lineaments analysis. The trends of field joints were measured during mapping and using satellite remote sensing to generate lineament. The area is underlain by crystalline basement rocks of biotite granite, medium grain granite, and syenite. Assessment was carried out to depict the possibility of groundwater occurrence in the area. LANDSAT ETM+ imagery was used, together with the geological map to investigate areas favorable for groundwater development. This was achieved by plotting the lineament trends, superimposing the lineament on the geological map, superimposing the lineament on the drainage map, furthermore by plotting density map to know the groundwater potentials of the area. Lineament was used in drawing the respective rose diagrams for each rock type. Structurally, the area is characterized by a predominant NE to SW trend which also affects or controls drainage and groundwater occurrence with major groundwater recharge areas trending NE- SW of the study area. Analyses have shown that the study area has numerous fractures whose major trends are mainly in NE-SW directions. Lineament density maps shows the cross-cutting lineaments to be relatively high in the areas around the northeastern to southwestern parts of the study area but low in the other areas. Zones of high lineament intersection density are feasible zones for groundwater prospecting.
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