Genetic divergence of 40 parental lines comprising 30 restorer and 10 maintainer lines were studied through Mohalanobis's D 2 and principal component analysis for eleven characters. Genotypes were grouped into five different clusters. Cluster V comprised maximum number of genotypes (thirteen) followed by cluster I and II. The inter-cluster distance was maximum between clusters I and V (13.495) indicating wide genetic diversity between these two clusters followed by the distance between cluster I and 11 (9.489), cluster IV, and cluster V (8.969) and cluster I and cluster III (8.039). The minimum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and cluster III (3.034) followed by cluster 111 and cluster IV (3.834) and cluster II and cluster V (4.945) indicating that the genotypes of these clusters were genetically close. The intra cluster distance in the entire five clusters was more or less low which indicated that the genotypes within the same cluster were closely related. Among the characters panicle weight contributed most for divergence in the studied parental lines. Difference in cluster means existed for almost all the characters studied. Highest mean value for number of effective tillers (7.8), days to 50% flowering (95.5), panicles/m 2 (192.6), panicle weight (2.9), spikelet fertility (84.8), number of grains/panicle (177.8), days to maturity (123.6), and grain yield/plot (1065.5) were observed in cluster I indicated the parental lines fallen in this cluster having the genetic potentiality to contribute better for yield maximization of hybrid rice.
Lentil is an important pulse crop with high nutritional value and high market price worldwide. Molecular markers have emerged as useful tools to assess the genetic diversity across crops. The study was conducted to explore genetic diversity of twenty lentil genotypes considering yield and yield attributing traits. Among all genotypes, BARI Masur-6, BARI Masur-7 followed by genotypes BD-3806 and BD-4090 showed the highest value of yield attributing traits therefore, these genotypes are considered as best performer. The results of cluster analysis based on the Ward’s method grouped the genotypes into three clusters and the genotypes of cluster III revealed the maximum value for yield per plants which indicated their importance in the selection for yield improvement program of lentil. Afterwards, 20 genotypes were evaluated through 7 sets of SSR primers to assess genetic diversity among the genotypes. Among them, four sets of primers viz., SSR 19, SSR 33, SSR 90 and SSR 213 showed high polymorphism which suggesting the greater genetic diversity in the genotypes. The unweighted pair group method of arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram based on Nei’s (1973) genetic distance led the genotypes into four major clusters which showed a bit deviation with the morphological cluster. The findings of this study will be very useful for selection of appropriate parents and the genetic understanding for the set up for future systematic lentil breeding programs.
A survey was conducted to assess the export supply and value chain analyses of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) in Bangladesh. The survey was consisted of primary and secondary data from semistructured interview of key persons involved in the supply chains of export market of okra and from the review of relevant reports and literature. Primary data were collected from 40 middlemen (from Ulokhola-10, Kawranbazar-7, Shambazar-8, Jatrabaribazar-5, Chandina-10), 5 service providers and 20 okra exporters of Dhaka city. It was found that the supply chain was fragmented and complex. The middlemen predominantly controlled the supply chains. Post-harvest management was poor, resulting low quality of the produce and low prices in the export market. The supply chain indicated that, the growers consumed 7.8% of their own product while 92.2% was sold out. About 28% farmers sold their okra at the field/farm-gates and 72% was sold in the local markets. The value chain analyses (VCA) revealed that, the net profit margin was 15.77 Tk/kg for both the UK and the Middle East markets whereas the net profit was 5.86 Tk/kg in local markets. The cost of airfreight was highest (63.97%) of all costs followed by the production cost of okra (16.85%) and the cost of packing (13.40%).
A field experiment was carried out at the Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from November 2011 to February 2012 to study the effect of seed tuber size on the yield and quality of seven accessions of potato. The experiment was laid out in the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. This piece of research consisted of two factors namely, size of seed tubers i.e. three different size of seed tuber i.e. small (10-20 g), medium (21-30 g) and large (31-40 g) and seven accessions of potato i.e. AC10064, AC10076, AC10097, AC10109, AC10123, AC10190 and one check variety Cardinal. The size of individual plot was 1.8 m × 1.2 m. Two adjacent unit plots and blocks were separated by 0.5 m and 0.5 m. A spacing of 60 cm × 30 cm was also used in terms of planting. Data on different yield contributing characters and yield were recorded. The tallest plants were produced by the large size of seed tuber accession AC10109 (120.25 cm) which also took minimum time (6.10 days) to germinate and possessed maximum stem diameter (0.95 cm) while small seed tuber of Cardinal required maximum days (10.23 days) along with shortest height (60.22 cm) as well as stem diameter (0.65 cm). The large size seed tuber of accession AC10109 gave maximum number of main stems/hill (6.4) and small size of seed tuber variety Cardinal gave minimum number of main stems/hill (2.96). The large size of seed tuber accession AC10109 produced maximum number of compound leaves/hill (64.80) and the small size of seed tuber Cardinal produced minimum number of compound leaves/hill (35.74). In terms of yield character large size of seed tuber of AC10109 accession exhibited highest results in tuber number 9.60 with the average diameter of tubers (5.86 cm) and yield was 10.42 t/ha. The accessions differed significantly with respect to all the plant characters studied. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(2): 200–205, June 2019
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