Mites are important regulators of soil food webs in the ecosystem. Soil diversity, pH, electrical conductivity and organic matters are dominant disturbance factors on community composition of soil mites. Impacts of these factors were assessed on the species composition of soil mites at Dakahleia and Kafrelshikh governorates in six different sites. In total, 14 families, 30 genera, and 37 mite species belonging to the four sub-orders Gamasida, Actinedida, Oribatida and Acaridida were recorded. Mite abundance and diversity in the soil in Kafrelshikh was poor compared with Dakahleia sites. The effect of soil type on mite community composition was significant. PH and organic matters have been established as good indicators for soil fertility. Soil mites were affected by soil fertility as it was observed that soil mites population increased with increasing nutrients. This study provided important information on soil mite populations in cultivated soils and could provide baseline data for studies of bioindicators of soil quality. In conclusion soil mites responded to land type, pH, EC (ds/m) and organic matter level.
Mites are part of important functional groups inhabiting arboreal parts of plants and soil food webs. Recognizing these mites and understanding their function in the ecosystem as well as when they are active is essential to understand their roles. The present work studied the abundance and diversity of mites associated with date palm, olive and citrus trees in Sakaka, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during winter and spring seasons (December 2013 to May 2014).The recorded species associated with date palm, olive and citrus trees are classified according to the type of nutrition into three trophic groups: phytophagous, predaceous and miscellaneous mites. In total, 12 families, 13 genera and 13 mite species belonging to the four sub-orders Actinedida, Acaridida, Oribatida and Gamasida were recorded. The phytophagous mites were numerically dominant of three species belonging to two families. Whereas five species are predaceous mites belonging to five families. Moreover, the miscellaneous five species belonging to five families. Results obtained from this study revealed data about species recorded for the first time in Sakaka, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia where there is a need for such information to support future environmental programs in integrated pest management to attain good and healthy agricultural product.
Scheloribates Jaevigatus (Koch) was able to develop and reproduce when fed on mixture of free-living nematod, Eudiplogaster phlagellicaudatus (Andrassy) and potato. Temperature had a significant effect on duration of the life cycle and all life span of this species. As temperature changed between 25 and 30°C, the incubation period decreased. Both male and female immature stages decreased when temperature increased between 25 and 30°C. Life cycle of male reached adulthood in a shorter period than that of female. This period decreased from 24.67 ± 0.26 to 21.25 ± 0.53 days for male and from 28.01 ± 0.66 to 23.16 ± 0.98 days for female at 25 and 30°C, respectively. Temperature also negatively affected the adult female longevity and fecundity. It was found that the greatest average number of eggs deposited by female was 36.88 ± 2.13 at 25°C; this decreased to 29.63 ± 2.55 at 30°C.
Typhlodromips swirskii was able to develop and reproduce when fed on Panonychus citri. T•~mperature negatively affected its biology. Generation period and adult female longevity decreased from (I 0.59±0.42) and (3 I. 72±0.97) at 20 oc_ to (7.81±0.40) and (21.72±0.41) days at 30 oc_ respectively. Also female laid an average of(33.75±2.64) eggs at 20 °C., decreased to (24.19±1.72) days at 30 8 C. However, rm was 0.14 and 0.18 at both degrees respectively.T. swirskii proved to be effective predator for P. cirri, as at high level of eight predators/ orange seedling, Citrus aurantium L., it gave the highest percent reduction from 27.27% after a five days to 88.89% after a month from release.
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