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A non‐gall‐forming aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, was reared within the galls of Dysaphis devecta and Aphis pomi which had been induced in apple seedlings. Similar aphids were also reared on ungalled seedling leaves of a similar age and also on mature leaves and in old galls.
There is a weak positive linear relationship between lipid content and pre‐reproductive adult dry weight, but aphids living on young galled or ungalled plant tissue have 30% lipid compared to 11% for aphids living on old plant tissue. Adult aphids gradually decline in weight, losing between 24% and 38% of their pre‐reproductive biomass before death. The energy content of this loss subsidises reproduction. Reproduction of aphids feeding in old galls or on mature leaves was negligible, but on younger tissues average fecundity was 31, there being little difference between aphids living on galled and ungalled tissue. There is no simple relationship between pre‐reproductive adult embryo content and fecundity.
The principal factor mediating honeydew production was aphid size and this factor overrides any variation caused by different feeding sites, Honeydew production averaged 0.43 mg during a life of 30 days. Aphids successfully completing their life cycle have a life‐time energy consumption of 30.58 joules of which 18% is lost as heat during respiration (R), 30% is contained in honeydew (F + U), 1% is contained in exuviae (Pe). Larval growth accounts for 17% (Pg), and adult reproduction for 34% (Pr).
The P/C ratio for M. euphorbiae is 53% and is broadly comparable with aphids living on herbaceous plants.
RÉSUMÉ
Biologie et énergétique du puceron Macrosiphum euphorbiae vivant dans des galles des pucerons Dysaphis devecta et Aphis pomi
Un puceron ne formant pas de galles, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, a été élevé dans des galles de Dysaphis devecta et Aphis pomi formées sur semis de pommiers. D'autres M. euphorbiae ont été élevés sur feuilles sans galles du měme ǎge provenant de semis identiques, sur feuilles mǔres et sur vieilles galles.
Il y a une faible relation positive linéaire entre la teneur en lipides et le poids sec des adultes avant la reproduction, mais les pucerons élevés sur tissus végétaux jeunes avec ou sans galles contiennent 30% de lipides contre 11% pour ceux élevés sur tissus ǎgés. Le poids des pucerons adultes diminue progressivement, la perte avant la mort se situant entre 24 et 38% de la biomasse avant la reproduction. Le contenu énergétique de ces pertes alimente la reproduction. La reproduction de pucerons consommant les vieilles galles ou les feuilles mǔres était négligeable, mais sur jeunes tissus la fécondité moyenne était de 31 – avec peu de différences entre pucerons sur galles ou feuilles –. Il n'y a pas de corrélation simple entre le contenu en embryon des adultes avant la reproduction et la fécondité.
Le principal paramètre conditionnant la production de miellat est la taille du puceron; ce paramètre surpasse toute variation provoquée par les divers lieux d'alimentation. La product...
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