The magnetic and transport properties of amorphous Tb x Si 1Ϫx alloys for x near the metal-insulator transition (Ϸ0.14) have been studied as a function of temperature, magnetic field, and composition. Local Tb magnetic moments act to localize extended-state carriers at low temperatures, similarly to Gd, causing a sharp drop in conductivity as a function of temperature. The spin-glass freezing seen in amorphous Gd-Si alloys is drastically affected by the randomly oriented local anisotropy of Tb; amorphous Tb-Si alloys show a broad poorly defined susceptibility peak and a strong frequency dependence which is not seen in amorphous Gd-Si alloys. The magnetic exchange interactions are strong but balanced ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic, as in amorphous Gd-Si alloys, with little dependence on x and no effect of the metal-insulator transition. The Tb effective moment in the paramagnetic state shows similar effects to Gd: a peak at the metal-insulator transition due to polarization of carriers and suppression below the expected value far from it.

This paper investigates the scaling limit of CMOSl1 supply voltage for maintaining the noise margin of NAND circuits subject to process tolerance induced threshold voltage 0.8 variation. It is shown that for high performance (VtlVdd < 1/3) decananometer CMOS devices with ±20% gate length tolerance 0o6 ----------------------------------and corresponding short-channel threshold roll-off, the supply > a c b voltage cannot be lower than 0.5 V in order to keep logic state 00.4A consistency in the worst-case switching scenario. >

Unraveling exciting new physics in complex novel materials requires access to both material excitations and their dynamics, thus continuously pushing ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy to its limits. However, most of the materials whose dynamics are at the center of current attention are also known to be inhomogeneous at the nanoscale. Hence, diffraction-limited optical techniques with their inherent areaaveraging character inhibit access to characteristic time scales of nanoscopic, heterogeneous systems. Circumventing the diffraction limit, scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) is a well-established technique that enables broad-band infrared spectroscopy with the nanoscale spatial resolution. In s-SNOM backscattered light from an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip reveals the local dielectric function of a sample [1]. Previous infrared s-SNOM studies were static, utilizing primarily continuous wave (CW) laser sources. Here, we extend s-SNOM by merging nano-spectroscopy with ultrafast pump-probe techniques and exemplify new capabilities with the time-resolved control of the plasmonic response of graphene and the semiconductor InAs.The goal of plasmonics is to utilize electromagnetic energy on a sub-wavelength scale in form of collective surface charge oscillations. Amongst various candidates for plasmonic media graphene stands out due to its most favorable properties: ultimate energy confinement in a monoatomic layer along with easy control over its charge density via electrostatic fields. Recently, the strong coupling between Dirac plasmons and the AFM tip of a near-field microscope has proven ideal to investigate their characteristics, so far utilized for their infrared spectroscopy [2] and real space visualization [3,4]. Another interesting material class for plasmonics are semiconductors due to mature processing technologies and carrier density control via doping.In our experiment we combine mid-infrared s-SNOM and ultrafast 100 fs, near-infrared laser excitation (Fig. 1a)) to study the time-dependent behavior of graphene [5] and InAs plasmons [6] at the nanoscale in infrared spectroscopy. For graphene we find strong pump-induced spectral changes in the infrared plasmonic response (Fig. 1b), top) around the SiO 2 substrate phonon resonances at 800 and 1125 cm -1 (Fig. 1b), bottom panel). Modeling reveals that pump-induced heating of carriers up to a temperature of 2100 K is the dominant effect. It results in an increase in Drude weight that s-SNOM is sensitive to. In

Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) is a well-established intervention for treating benign and malignant causes of hemoptysis with high success rate from 70-99%; a subset of these procedures involve bronchial artery chemoperfusion, which has been used in palliation of lung malignancies. One of the dreaded complications of BAE is non-target embolization resulting in spinal cord ischemia, occurring in 0.6-4.4% of patients. This study aims to examine whether the adjunct use of CBCT with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) has an impact on BAE interventions. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one (10M, 11F) patients of mean age 55.5 who underwent DSA with CBCT prior to BAE from 2010 to 2020 were evaluated for single-institutional retrospective study. Retrospective analysis of the dictated reports were performed in conjunction with the available stored images and findings were summarized into 3 categories: 1) CBCT added no benefit; 2) CBCT added benefit (i.e., increased diagnostic confidence) without change in procedural management; 3) CBCT added benefit with change in intraprocedural management. The frequency and percentage of each category were calculated. Results: 14/21 patients (66.7%) (95% CI: 0.47-0.87) were placed into category 2 whereby CBCT increased diagnostic confidence for embolization. The remaining 7/21 (33.3%) patients (95% CI: 0.13-0.53) were placed into category 3. In 3 of these patients, CBCT resulted in microcatheter repositioning to a selective bronchial artery branch to avoid nontarget embolization of a spinal artery. In 2 patients, CBCT confirmed normal tissue perfusion resulting in microcatheter repositioning to find an alternate source. In the remaining 2 patients, CBCT showed additional intercostal collaterals to ipsilateral bronchial arteries, which were then embolized.No cases were placed into category 1. One patient (4.8%) had a complication of spinal cord ischemia likely related to non-target embolization via small posterior radiculomedullary arterial branches, which in retrospect were seen on CBCT but not DSA. No other complications were seen. Conclusions: Adjunct use of CBCT during BAE provides additional information beyond DSA. This resulted in increased diagnostic confidence 67% of the time and in 33% of cases resulted in intraprocedural change in management, often to avoid non-target embolization via DSA-occult spinal arteries.