Geotrichum bryndzae sp. nov., a novel asexual arthroconidial yeast species related to the genus Galactomyces The taxonomy of the arthroconidial ascomycetous genus Geotrichum Link: Fr. (Hemiascomycetes) is still being developed, although these yeast-like fungi have been studied quite extensively by conventional taxonomy as well as by DNA sequence comparisons (de Hoog et al., 1986;Smith et al., 2000;Naumova et al., 2001;Smith & Poot, 2003;de Hoog & Smith, 2004). Geotrichum represents the anamorphic state of species of the genera Dipodascus Lagerheim and Galactomyces Redhead & Malloch (de Hoog et al., 1998a, b), as demonstrated by sequence divergence of the rRNA subunits (Kurtzman & Robnett, 1998;Ueda-Nishimura & Mikata, 2000). Until 1998, the genus Geotrichum contained 11 species, five of which have their teleomorph in the genus Dipodascus and two in the genus Galactomyces, while the remaining four species have no known sexual state (de Hoog et al., 1998a, b). Since 1998, several revisions have been suggested and novel species have been proposed (Naumova et al., 2001;de Hoog & Smith, 2004). Less closely related Dipodascus species from the so-called group 2 clade were renamed Magnusiomyces, with the anamorph for this genus being Saprochaete (de Hoog & Smith, 2004). Kurtzman & Robnett (1998) determined that domains 1 and 2 (D1/D2) (~600 nt) of the large-subunit rRNA gene are sufficiently variable to resolve individual biologically defined species. They also reported the sequences of all known ascomycetous yeasts, and Fell et al. (2000) published the D1/D2 sequences of known basidiomycetous yeasts. From these extensive data, Kurtzman & Robnett (1998) deduced simple rules, which generally defined strains showing 6 or more non-contiguous substitutions (1 %) as likely to represent separate species (Kurtzman, 2006). Currently, the only exception to this prediction is among interfertile strains of Clavispora lusitaniae, which are unusually polymorphic in a 90 bp region of the D2 domain (Lachance et al., 2003).Recently, DNA sequence comparison has allowed the description of two novel species, Geotrichum silvicola (Pimenta et al., 2005) and Geotrichum vulgare (Wuczkowski et al., 2006). During a survey of yeasts and fungi associated with Bryndza, a traditional Slovak artisanal sheep cheese, we isolated ten strains of asexual arthroconidial yeastsThe GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the large-subunit rRNA gene sequence of strain CCY 16-2-1 T is EU186073, and those of small-subunit rRNA gene sequences of strain CCY 16-2-1 T are EU433455 and EU433456.The Mycobank (http://www.mycobank.org) accession number for G. bryndzae sp. nov. is MB 512675.
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