The hybridization of Pusa Basmati 1 and IR 72 produced an aromatic, elongating, and non-aromatic, non-elongating mapping population for quality attributes in rice. In terms of other qualitative qualities, the parents also differed genetically, and their genetic distance was considerable. In this study 365 lines in the F6 population were examined for kernel dimensions, cooked kernel elongation ratio (CKER), alkali spreading value (ASV), and kernel dimensions both before and after cooking. The apparent amylose content of the sub-set of 110 F6 lines was also characterized. With the exception of kernel breadth and ASV, all features showed continuous and normal distribution, indicating quantitative inheritance. All of the characteristics, with the exception of ASV, showed transgressive segregation. High heritability findings suggest that the quality attributes in the F6 lines were genetically fixed. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate four distinct hypotheses about the correlation of QTLs for quality attributes. The phenotypic variance explained by the QTLs was 45.68% for CKE-R, 38.63% for LAC, and 25.35% for L-BAC, indicating that the parent Pusa Basmati 1 was the source of the gene(s) controlling the inheritance of these traits.
With the introduction of high-yielding varieties, price incentives and research inclinations towards modern varieties of non-aromatic rice to achieve self reliance, cultivation of several indigenous scented rice varieties have been neglected. A large number of traditional scented rice has already been lost and many are on the verge of extinction. It is more so for the small and medium-grained non Basmati aromatic rice than the long-grained Basmati types which form the bulk of rice export. Even though the cultivation of traditional aromatic rice varieties in prime areas is fast declining, their aroma and grain quality is highly appreciated by local communities and they are used in several rituals and customs. Future progress in the improvement of scented rice largely depends on immediate documentation, evaluation, conservation of the extant scented rice genetic resources and their effective utilization. The present study is on the documentation and evaluation of some of the aromatic rice germplasm of West Bengal.
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