TiO 2 nanotubes were fabricated from TiF 4 precursors within the pore channels of the linen fiber templates, resulting in crystalline fabricated titanate nanotubes (f-TNTs) upon removal by calcination at 500-600°C. The f-TNTs were formed by the aggregation of TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) with a diameter of 80 nm; the wall thickness and size of the f-TNTs can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of the TiF 4 precursor, time, temperature, and the size of the linen fibers respectively. After that, palladium (Pd (0) ) NPs were coated on the surface of the f-TNTs (Pd/f-TNTs) by the chemical reduction method, using NaBH 4 as a reducing agent. The size of the Pd (0) NPs is about 10-13 nm. The Pd/f-TNT nanocomposite is systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction, highresolution transmission electron microscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The Pd/f-TNT nanocompositemodified glassy carbon electrodes exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity as well as amperometric determination of hydrazine, ascorbic acid, and dopamine; these electrochemical applications were carried out by cyclic voltammetry.
Fabricated titanate nanotubes (f-TNT) are prepared by chemical deposition method using linen fiber. The f-TNTs is fabricated by TiO2 nanoparticles, the each TiO2 nanoparticles diameter has 80-100 nm in range. The Pd 0 nanoparticle was coated on the surface of the f-TNT by chemical reduction method, using NaBH4 as reducing agent. The prepared Pd/f-TNTs characterized by FT-IR, FE-SEM and HRTEM, the result shows that the f-TNT diameter is 1500 nm and Pd nanoparticles range in 20-50 nm. The Pd/f-TNT nanocomposite modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode shows quasi irreversible redox behaviours in cyclic voltammeter. Those Pd/f-TNTs modified electrode is utilized for electrochemical polymerization of o-phenylenediamine in acid medium.
The semiconducting copper oxide (CuO) nanostructure material is synthesized by carbon sphere used as template. The copper nitrate Cu(NO3)2 used as precursor and it has converted into CuO material like a Kernel structure with diameter 350 nm. It is applied to modify the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for electro catalytic property of glucose and hydrazine oxidation; it shows a fast response and exhibited higher electro catalyst electrocatalytic oxidation of hydrazine and glucose. The electro catalytic behavior and applications were carried out by cyclic voltammetry in 0.1 M NaOH solution. The synthesized CuO nanomaterials have been characterized by FT-IR spectrum, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectra (XPS), DRS-UV spectra, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray pattern (EDX).
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