The article aims to support the Safety Management System’s implementation in the Visegrad Four (V4) countries by introducing supporting documentation at the national level or national legislation. The research subjects are the V4 countries (Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia), where 39 air carriers operate. Safety management in today’s world is already necessary, yet introducing a Safety Management System (SMS) is voluntary in many areas, including some transport modes. In air transport, it is mandatory, and the general principles and guidelines of this system are set out in the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), which has issued several regulations and recommendations. The lists of ICAO standards and essential translations can be considered a minimum, which is also approached by different authorities. The article points out the primary differences in SMS in individual V4 countries and presents which country provides the strongest support in implementing this system.
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 caused a worldwide pandemic of COVID-19. To halt its spread, countries around the world have gradually reduced international traffic, closed down operations and imposed social distancing rules. Aviation is one of the sectors that has experienced these restrictions in great intensity. The article describes the specific problems encountered by air carriers as well as airports, aircraft manufacturers and other sectors directly linked to the existence of the aviation industry. The second part of the article focuses on the comparison with previous crises of different origin using aggregated data about world air transportation. Based on this we evaluate the prospects for the aviation industry. We conclude, that the recovery from the current crisis in aviation will depend on the economic recovery as well as restoring the confidence of the travelling public.
An airline is an organization that provides air transport services for travelling passengers and cargo.There are over 5500 airlines in the world with ICAO codes. Not all airlines are formed and work equally. Airlines have a different market positions and operating methods. But from some point of view, we can see the same obstacles and difficulties which all must face. We may look at the economic challenges, demand and world crises as a great example. The principal purpose of the presented article is to discuss briefly the dilemmas of airlines, particularly recent coronavirus pandemic. In our analysis, we looked at some breaking points in the recent history of aviation. The current state was analyzed in the first phase. We performed an overall review, and the available data were summarized as forecasts before and after the health crisis. The main part of discussion was extended by displaying various changes in airlines' operation during the pandemic. Many airlines were forced to change their strategy, reduced their flight capacity, cut the frequency of flights and put their planes into hibernation mode. These differences have significant outcomes as bankruptcies, financial and employee losses etc. However, the coronavirus has started slowing the spread and most airlines are restarting their operations.
The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on air transport in various parts of the world. The impact of the pandemic has been and still is significant within the Member States of the European Union. The introduction focused on identifying and monitoring the pandemic spread in the individual Member States. The research focused on two periods that were compared with each other based on key indicators, i.e., reproduction rate, hospitalized patients, or ICU patients. Identification and monitoring of the above-mentioned periods were performed by an observational study of collected data mentioned below. Subsequently, an algorithm was proposed, which was to determine an index number of a given country based on key indicators mentioned earlier. The index number is an assessment of the pandemic situation in a given country. The index number calculation in the monitored periods divided the countries into two groups: countries with the index number higher than one and countries with the index number lower than one. The latter can continue using air transport by pandemic situation assessment conducted by the algorithm. The air transport utilization rate depends on the second part of the algorithm, where the allowed number of routes is calculated for individual airlines. The use of an algorithm for calculating the index number of individual countries and at the same time monitoring the development of key indicators every 14 days is a suitable method for ensuring the sustainable use of air transport to minimize financial losses.
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