Background: Human hair follicle experiments cyclical transformations throughout its life. These are rest (telogen phase), growth (anagen phase) and regression mediated by apoptosis (catagen). During summer the percentage of telogen increases and the percentage of anagen decreases. Aim: To determine the seasonal changes of scalp hair follicle phases among Chilean subjects. Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of 514 differential trichograms of normal scalps from subjects aged 36±14 years, obtained between 1998 and 2008. Results: During summer and winter, the mean percentage of telogen was 20%±10% and 16%±10%, respectively (p <0.01). The figures for anagen in the same periods were 80%±10% and 83%±10%, respectively. Conclusions: This study confirms the presence of seasonal variations in normal trichogram (Rev Méd Chile 2009; 137: 1437-40). (
Probiotics in acute infectious diarrhea Background: Acute infectious diarrhea in children represents a worldwide problem and it relates to desnutrition, morbility and death. Objective: Determine the usefulness of probiotics in the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea in children by reviewing the scientific information available in the form of metaanalysis. Methods: A detailed search was performed in electronic databases. Four of the articles found met inclusion criteria. Results: The four meta-analysis studied demonstrated that the administration of probiotics in children with acute infectious diarrhea decreased the episode duration in approximately one day with minimal adverse events. Conclusions: Despite methodological limitations of the analysed articles, the studies showed the same trend towards observing a benefit in the use of probiotics in acute infectious diarrhea in children. The latter supports the consistency of this association. In general, the use of probiotics in children with acute infectious diarrhea would be useful in general practice reducing diarrhea duration in approximately one day.
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