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A large-area furnace BB3500YY was designed and built at the VNIIOFI as a furnace for high-temperature metal (carbide)-carbon (M(C)-C) eutectic fixed points and was then investigated at the NMIJ. The dependence of the temperature uniformity of the furnace on various heater and cell holder arrangements was investigated. After making some improvements, the temperature of the central part of the furnace was uniform to within 2 K over a length of 40 mm-the length of the fixedpoint cell-at a temperature of 2,500 • C. With this furnace, the melting plateaux of Re-C and TiC-C were shown to be better than those observed in other furnaces. For instance, a Re-C cell showed melting plateaux with a 0.1 K melting range and a duration of about 40 min. Furthermore, to verify the capability of the furnace to fill cells, one Re-C and one TiC-C cell were made using the BB3500YY. The cells were then compared to a Re-C cell made in a Nagano furnace and a TiC-C cell filled in a BB3200pg furnace. The agreement in plateau shapes demonstrates the capability of the BB3500YY furnace to also function as a filling furnace.

A new hydrocarbonhydrographitewith the composition close to CH is shown to form from graphite and gaseous hydrogen at pressures above 2 GPa and temperatures from 450 to 700°C. Hydrographite is a black solid thermally stable under ambient conditions. If heated in vacuum, it decomposes into graphite and molecular hydrogen at temperatures from 500 to 650°C. Powder X-ray diffraction characterizes hydrographite as a multilayer "graphane II" phase predicted by ab initio calculations [Wen X-D et al. PNAS 2011;108:6833] and consisting of graphane sheets in the chair conformation stacked along the hexagonal c axis in the −ABAB− sequence. The crystal structure of the synthesized phase belongs to the P6 3 mc space group. The unit cell parameters are a = 2.53(1) Å and c = 9.54(1) Å and therefore exceed the corresponding parameters of graphite by 2.4(2)% and 42.0(3)%. Stretching vibrations of C-H groups on the surface of the hydrographite particles are examined by infrared spectroscopy.

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