The problem of unemployment among university graduates is a consequence of changes in the structure of production and the economy of Russia, the weakening of state control and regulation. University graduates face a lot of problems when searching for jobs, being insufficiently in demand on the labor market in conditions of low entrepreneurial activity. This problem has socioeconomic nature and is relevant for decades, requiring attention from the state and business communities, as well as the implementation of measures to resolve it and assist university graduates in finding work. The article is analytical and aimed at identifying the main problems of employment of graduates of Russian universities in conditions of low entrepreneurial activity, in particular, in Volgograd and in the Volgograd region. In achieving the goal, these tasks were solved: the main aspects of the employment of university graduates were studied; the main problems of employment of university graduates in conditions of low entrepreneurial activity were identified; the main directions of solving the problems of employment of university graduates on the example of the Volgograd region are proposed. The object of the research is graduates of Russian universities, in particular, universities of the city of Volgograd. The subject of the research is the influence of various factors on the process of employment of university graduates in conditions of low entrepreneurial activity. The results and conclusions are characterized by novelty, scientific and practical importance in terms of solving the problem of employment of university graduates in conditions of low entrepreneurial activity. 1. Introduction
Increasing publication activity is an important task in ensuring the effectiveness of students' learning and independent work, it contributes to the achievement of a high level in mastering basic, general professional and professional competencies in mastering "smart" technologies of the "Industry 4.0" concept. The aim of the study is to determine the role of publication activity of students of polytechnic universities in the development of polytechnic education in new economic conditions. In this study, the following tasks were solved: the mechanisms for increasing the publication activity of students at Russian polytechnic universities were investigated; recommendations were developed to increase the publication activity of polytechnic university students. The object of the research is a leading polytechnic university and comparable universities. The subject of the research is the influence of external and internal factors on the publication activity of students of polytechnic universities in the conditions of training specialists working with "smart" technologies in the transition to the concept of "Industry 4.0". The results and conclusions have elements of novelty, scientific and practical importance in terms of substantiating the role of publication activity of university students in the development of polytechnic education. The main research methods are the methods of analogies and logical analysis.
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