Mechanisms of the overlapping of gaps due to a refractive index difference minimum and Anderson localization for photonic band gap (PBG) have been used and they give a refractive index contrast difference of less than two percent for X-, L-, and W-points of the Brillouin zone for the pseudogap. Another physical process for the existence of PBG is the use of scattering strength (ε r ≥ 1) for fcc lattice structure. We have found refractive index contrast in the range 2.41–14.21 for the existence of the complete photonic band gap for bound photons (ε r ≥ 1). The lowest limit to yield a gap is 2.41 for valence photons (ε r = 1) at volume filling fraction 85.5% for spherical air atoms and at 14.5% for dielectric spheres. This work is reported for the first time and it is useful for maintaining connectivity and for easier fabrication of photonic crystals.
We have theoretically studied the occurrence of photonic band gap. Calculated values of relative width and lattice size for nematic liquid crystal ZLI-1132 and smectic ferroelectric liquid crystal (R)-4 -(1-methoxycarbonyl-ethoxy)-phenyl-4-[4-(noctyloxy)phenyl]benzoate (1MC1EPOPB) synthetic opal (SiO 2 ) infiltrated with liquid crystal as a function of temperature using a model of strong localization for the occurrence of pseudogap are reported for the W-point in the Brillouin zone. A new expression for refractive index calculation for synthetic opal infiltrated with liquid crystal is proposed. Central wavelength is also calculated and compared with the observed ones. The structure parameter and opal size are also given. This work is important for temperature tuning and anisotropy of photonic crystal.
The experimental data of ultrasonic velocity, density, shear viscosity and refractive index for dimethyl substituted pyridines are reanalysed using new methodology to determine the molecular properties. The present work may be hitful for understanding the structure and interactions for the 2,4; 2,6; 3,4; and 3,s dimethyl substituted pyridines as it is directly based on the observed data and relations obtained are different !?om the existing relations.
The mass spectra of 2-nitrosophenols are independent of the insertion temperature, suggesting that the compounds either do not exhibit tautomerism in the vapour phase or that the enthalpy of isomerization is low. However, their fragmentation patterns suggest tautomerism in the molecular ion.~~
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