We present the first measurement of pseudorapidity densities of primary charged particles near midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)] = 56 and 130 GeV. For the most central collisions, we find the charged-particle pseudorapidity density to be dN/deta|(|eta|<1) = 408+/-12(stat)+/-30(syst) at 56 GeV and 555+/-12(stat)+/-35(syst) at 130 GeV, values that are higher than any previously observed in nuclear collisions. Compared to proton-antiproton collisions, our data show an increase in the pseudorapidity density per participant by more than 40% at the higher energy.
We have demonstrated a multilayer high-Tc junction process capable of fabricating small-scale digital circuits. The process uses superconductor/normal–metal/superconductor YBa2Cu3Ox (YBCO) edge junctions with a cobalt-doped YBCO barrier and an integrated YBCO ground plane. We have measured spreads in the junctions’ critical currents as low as 12% (1σ) both on and off the ground plane. The proper functioning of the ground plane was verified by measuring the reduced inductance of superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) on the ground plane compared to identical SQUIDs off the ground plane. At a temperature of 70 K, the inductance on the ground plane is as low as 1.2 pH/⧠. The inferred YBCO penetration depth is 250 nm at 70 K and 280 nm at 77 K.
Interest in examining the electrochemical insertion of lithium into framework crystal structures has arisen recently because of electrolyte limitations associated with the cointercalation of organic solvents encountered with other low dimensional intercalation materials (i.e., compounds built up of layers or chains of atoms) such as the layered transition metal dichalcogenides. Several materials with framework structures have been studied with most of the attention focused on the binary Chevrel phase Mo6Sa which was found to reversibly accommodate four lithium atoms per unit formula resulting in a theoretical energy density of 280 Wh/kg. However, difficulties in preparing this phase by conventional means have hindered its synthesis and subsequent use in secondary lithium cells. In this paper we give evidence from electrochemical and in situ x-ray studies that AgMo6S8 can be electrochemically converted to Mo~S8 plus silver metal and then
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