A compact antenna module with a single band notch at wireless local area network (WLAN) (5.725–5.825 GHz) for ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) applications is proposed. Proposed antenna which acquires size of 0.299 λ × 0.413 λ × 0.005 λ mm3 at 3.1 GHz consists of two symmetrical radiators placed side by side on global merchandise link (GML) 1000 substrate (εr = 3.2, tan δ = 0.004). Isolation between the antenna elements is >18 dB in the whole UWB band, which is achieved by introducing the vertical stub and H-slot between the monopole radiators in the ground plane. The simulated and measured results of the antenna system are in good agreement. The proposed antenna covers entire UWB with impedance bandwidth (|S11| < −15 dB) from 3.1 to 11 GHz except at WLAN notched band. The designed antenna module bears low envelope correlation coefficient and minimal multiplexing efficiency hence fulfilling criteria suitable for various wireless MIMO applications.

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A compact ultra-wideband (UWB) reconfigurable microstrip fed monopole antenna having size of 0.22 λ 0 × 0.28 λ 0 × 0.005 λ 0 with switchable frequency bands is presented. Triple band notched characteristics are achieved by inserting two stubs at top of radiator and one slot in between the radiator and microstrip feed line. Proposed antenna achieves reconfigurability with three PIN diodes at strategic positions to obtain eight different operational modes. In one of the operational modes, antenna operates in the entire UWB (3-14 GHz) with fractional bandwidth of 127.5%. Two stubs are used to notch two frequency bands worldwide interoperability for microwave access (3.3-3.6 GHz/WiMAX) and C-band (3.7-4.2 GHz). T-shaped slot is also inserted to notch wireless local area network (5.725-5.825 GHz/WLAN) frequency band. Proper biasing of PIN diodes is done by using suitable chip inductors and capacitors. Proposed antenna exhibits stable radiation patterns with average gain of around 3 dBi. Simulation and measurement results are in good agreement. Proposed antenna is suitable for on-demand band rejection of parasitic bands coexisting in UWB. K E Y W O R D S frequency reconfigurable, monopole antenna, PIN diode, ultra wideband

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Co-design of corner bent Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antennas catering to 4G LTE and mmWave 5G applications is proposed. The 4G LTE MIMO antenna module consists of two element microstrip-fed slot antennas operating from 1.7 to 3 GHz with fractional bandwidth of 55%, which covers LTE1900, LTE2300, and LTE2500 bands. For mmWave 5G MIMO antenna module, two element Vivaldi antennas with wideband operating from 25 to 38 GHz and fractional bandwidth of 41% are proposed. The mmWave 5G microstrip fed Vivaldi MIMO antennas exhibit orthogonal pattern diversity at 28 GHz with 1-dB gain bandwidth of 28%. The single element corner bent co-designed antenna is compact having dimensions of 14 × 51 × 0.254 mm 3. The 4G LTE and mmWave 5G antennas are electrically close to each other by 0.01λ at 1.7 GHz for minimal physical footprint. Co-designed 4G LTE and mmWave MIMO antennas are integrated inside a typical mobile case. Simulated and measured results are presented.

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A low-profile, wideband antenna-in-package (AiP) design is proposed for 5G mmWave mobile applications. The aperture-coupled feeding incorporated with the microstrip feed line through the slots in the ground is used to excite the patch antenna. Firstly, a thin quarter-wave shorted patch antenna (QW-SPA) with the dominant 𝑇𝑀 1/2,0,0 𝑧 mode is realized. To broaden the operating band, the QW-SPA is extended along its resonant length so that the 𝑇𝑀 1,0,0 𝑧 mode can also be excited. The offset introduced into the two slots together with the additional shorting via wall are applied to enhance the beam tilt toward the end-fire direction. The proposed single-patch design shows a wide fractional bandwidth, covering the 5G mmWave band n257 (26.5-29.5 GHz). Furthermore, to increase more beam tilt, the differential-fed, two-patch sub-array formed by two QW-SPAs spaced a half-wavelength at 28 GHz apart is also presented. Compared with the singlepatch design, the beam-tilt enhancement of around 10-27 degrees is obtained over the desired frequency band with the peak gain of around 8.2 dBi for the sub-array AiP design.INDEX TERMS patch antennas, antenna-in-package (AiP), fifth generation (5G) antennas, mmWave, beam tilt, thin quasi-end-fire antennas, aperture-coupled feed, differential feed