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A complete set of polarization transfer coefficients has been measured for quasielastic ( p ជ ,n ជ ) reactions on 2 H, 6 Li, 12 C, 40 Ca, and 208 Pb at a bombarding energy of 346 MeV and a laboratory scattering angle of 22°( q lab Ϸ1.7 fm Ϫ1 ). The spin-longitudinal R L and spin-transverse R T response functions are extracted within a framework of a plane-wave impulse approximation with eikonal and optimal factorization approximations. The theoretically expected enhancement of R L /R T is not observed. The observed R L is consistent with the pionic enhanced R L expected by random-phase approximation ͑RPA͒ calculations. On the contrary, a large excess of the observed R T is found in comparison with R T of the quasielastic electron scattering as well as of RPA calculations. This excess masks the effect of pionic correlations in R L /R T . The theoretical calculations are performed in a distorted-wave impulse approximation with RPA correlations, which indicates that the nuclear absorption effect depends on the spin direction. This spin-direction dependence is responsible in part for the excess of R T . ͓S0556-2813͑99͒02306-7͔PACS number͑s͒: 25.40.Kv, 24.70.ϩs † Present address